Glia as architects of central nervous system formation and function
By N. J. Allen, D. Lyons. Science, 2018
820 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Glia constitute roughly half of the cells of the central nervous system (CNS) but were long-considered to be static bystanders to its formation and function. Here we provide an overview of how the diverse and dynamic functions of glial cells orchestrate essentially all aspects of nervous system formation and function. Radial glia, astrocytes, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, oligodendrocytes, and microglia each influence nervous system development, from neuronal birth, migration, axon specification, and growth through circuit assembly and synaptogenesis. As neural circuits mature, distinct glia fulfill key roles in synaptic communication, plasticity, homeostasis, and network-level activity through dynamic monitoring and alteration of CNS structure and function. Continued elucidation of glial cell biology, and the dynamic interactions of neurons and glia, will enrich our understanding of nervous system formation, health, and function.
Subfields: Cancer Research, Developmental Neuroscience, Neurology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/de7134740db1a386f2b0a9d4ea4fb3053440bc46
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Citations in the corpus
- Astrocyte crosstalk in CNS inflammation (2020, background): “Astrocytes and other glial cells, including microglia and oligodendrocytes, form and maintain a highly controlled microenvironment essential for efficient neuron function within the CNS (Allen and Lyons, 2018).”
- A connectome of the Drosophila central complex reveals network motifs suitable for flexible navigation and context-dependent action selection (2020, background): “Glial cells, which perform important roles in neural circuit function (Allen and Lyons, 2018; Bittern et al., 2020; De Pittà and Berry, 2019; Ma et al., 2016; Mu et al., 2019), were not segmented.”
- Amyloid β-based therapy for Alzheimer’s disease: challenges, successes and future (2023, background): “These studies have revealed a significant role of reactive astrocytes in the loop between inflammatory cytokines and Aβ load.(188) Disturbed this cross-talk has been considered to underlay Alzheimer’s pathogenesis.”