Enhanced NOx in 2006 linked to strong upper stratospheric Arctic vortex

By C. Randall, V. Harvey, C. S. Singleton, Peter F. Bernath, C. Boone, J. Kozyra. 2006

179 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/dcdd11e1da2cb0a3b10b0af60ad4b7551dab424b

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Citations in the corpus

On recent interannual variability of the Arctic winter mesosphere: Implications for tracer descent (2007, methodology): “[2] In early 2004 and early 2006, satellite observations have shown unusual intrusions of mesospheric air, enriched in odd nitrogen (NOx = NO + NO2) and carbon monoxide (CO), into the upper stratosphere [Randall et al., 2005, 2006].”
The evolution of the stratopause during the 2006 major warming: Satellite data and assimilated meteorological analyses (2008, background): “04 hPa) more than double those in an undisturbed winter (consistent with enhanced descent of trace gases [Randall et al., 2006; Manney et al., 2008]), with substantially reduced radiative cooling in the upper stratosphere (below 0.”
Energetic particle precipitation effects on the Southern Hemisphere stratosphere in 1992–2005 (2007, background): “The second largest NH EPP IE on record occurred in 2006, for example, even though EPP was relatively low; the upper stratospheric vortex that year, however, was extraordinarily strong [Randall et al., 2006].”
SOLAR INFLUENCES ON CLIMATE (2010, background): “The resulting EPP‐ NOx can be transported by polar downwelling into the winter polar stratosphere, where it can influence ozone abundances [Solomon et al., 1982; Callis et al., 1996; Siskind and Russell, 1996; Randall et al., 1998, 2005, 2006; Siskind et al., 2000].”
Geomagnetic activity and polar surface air temperature variability (2009, methodology): “…of particle energies in our analysis, we have chosen to use the geomagnetic activity index Ap [Mayaud, 1980] as a proxy for the overall EPP level, although the amount of EPP-NOx reaching the stratosphere will also be modulated by the prevailing meteorological conditions [Randall et al., 2006].”
Origin of energetic electron precipitation >30 keV into the atmosphere (2010, background): “[39] In the northern hemisphere, the maximum descent rate associated with the polar vortex is not over the pole but at 60° N [Callaghan and Salby, 2002; Clilverd et al., 2007; Randall et al., 2006] which corresponds to L ∼ 3–8 (and a mean L of 4.3).”
Aura Microwave Limb Sounder observations of dynamics and transport during the record‐breaking 2009 Arctic stratospheric major warming (2009, background): “Trace gas observations indicate enhanced descent into a strong reformed upper stratospheric/lower meso-spheric (USLM) vortex [e.g., Randall et al. , 2006; Man-ney et al. , 2008a, 2009].”