BUDDA: A New Two-dimensional Bulge/Disk Decomposition Code for Detailed Structural Analysis of Galaxies

By R. Souza, D. Gadotti, S. D. Anjos. 2004

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We present BUDDA (Bulge/Disk Decomposition Analysis), a new code devoted to perform a two-dimensional bulge/disk decomposition directly from the images of galaxies. The bulge component is fitted with a generalized Sérsic profile, whereas disks have an exponential profile. No other components are included. Bars and other substructures, like lenses, rings, inner bars, and inner disks, are studied with the residual images obtained through the subtraction of bulges and disks from the original images. This means that a detailed structural analysis of galaxies may be performed with a small number of parameters, and substructures may be directly studied with no a priori assumptions. As has been already shown by several studies, two-dimensional fitting is much more reliable than one-dimensional profile fitting. Moreover, our code has been thoroughly tested with artificial data, and we demonstrate it to be an accurate tool for determining structural parameters of galaxies. We also show that our code is useful in various kinds of studies, including galaxies of, e.g., different morphological types, and inclinations, which also may be observed at different spatial resolutions. Thus, the code has a broader range of potential applications than most of the previous codes, which are developed to tackle specific problems. To illustrate its usefulness, we present the results obtained with a sample of 51 mostly early-type galaxies (but covering the whole Hubble sequence). These results show some of the applications in which the code may be used: the determination of parameters for fundamental plane and structural studies, quantitative morphological classification of galaxies, and the identification and study of hidden substructures. We have determined the structural parameters of the galaxies in our sample and found many examples of hidden inner disks in ellipticals, secondary bars, nuclear rings and dust lanes in lenticulars and spirals, and also wrong morphological classification cases. We now make BUDDA generally available to the astronomical community.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d8d8864c4d8c59e88b71e14f37982816d0543e8e

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Citations in the corpus

Structural properties of pseudo-bulges, classical bulges and elliptical galaxies: a Sloan Digital Sky Survey perspective (2008, background): “Tests with artificial images of unbarred disc galaxies with high and low spatial resolution in de Souza et al. (2004) showed that BUDDA is generally able to reliably retrieve the correct structural parameters.”
A CATALOG OF BULGE+DISK DECOMPOSITIONS AND UPDATED PHOTOMETRY FOR 1.12 MILLION GALAXIES IN THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY (2011, background): “Quantitative measurements of galaxy properties have made significant progress over the last few years (Peng et al. 2002; Simard et al. 2002; de Souza et al. 2004; Lotz et al. 2004; Conselice 2006; Pignatelli et al. 2006) and now provide an important framework for 1 National Research Council of…”
Revisiting the Hubble sequence in the SDSS DR7 spectroscopic sample: a publicly available Bayesian automated classification (2010, unknown): “…as concentration, asymmetry, clumpiness, Gini index (e.g. Abraham et al. 1996; Conselice et al. 2000; Abraham et al. 2003) or through 1D (Prieto et al. 2001; Trujillo et al. 2001) or 2D-fitting algorithms (e.g. Simard et al. 2002; Peng et al. 2002; de Souza et al. 2004; Méndez-Abreu et al. 2008).”
BULGE n AND B/T IN HIGH-MASS GALAXIES: CONSTRAINTS ON THE ORIGIN OF BULGES IN HIERARCHICAL MODELS (2008, unknown): “2002), GALFIT (Peng et al. 2002), and BUDDA (de Souza et al. 2004).”
A REVISED PARALLEL-SEQUENCE MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF GALAXIES: STRUCTURE AND FORMATION OF S0 AND SPHEROIDAL GALAXIES (2011, background): “…1979; Kent 1985; Byun & Freeman 1995; Scorza & Bender 1995; Baggett et al. 1998; GIM2D: Simard et al. 2002; GALFIT: Peng et al. 2002; BUDA: de Souza et al. 2004; Laurikainen et al. 2005, 2007; Courteau et al. 2007; GASP2D: Méndez-Abreu et al. 2008; Fisher & Drory 2008; Weinzirl et al. 2009).”
The Millennium Galaxy Catalogue: bulge–disc decomposition of 10 095 nearby galaxies (2006, background): “A quick inspection of the bulge–disc decompositions from BUDDA (de Souza et al. 2004), and Aguerri et al. (2005) reveal that problems with automatic decompositions are pandemic, with many fits having unrealistic bulge-to-disc size ratios, disc components clearly falling faint of the outer discs in…”
MegaMorph - multiwavelength measurement of galaxy structure: complete Sersic profile information from modern surveys (2012, methodology): “A number of software packages have been produced to perform such fits, e.g.,GALFIT (Peng et al. 2002, 2010),GIM2D (Simard 1998; Simard et al. 2002), BUDDA (de Souza et al. 2004), 2DPHOT (La Barbera et al. 2008) and GASPHOT (Pignatelli et al. 2006).”
DETAILED DECOMPOSITION OF GALAXY IMAGES. II. BEYOND AXISYMMETRIC MODELS (2009, methodology): “D image-fitting algorithms (e.g., (GIM2D: Simard 1998; Simard et al. 2002); (BUDDA: de Souza et al. 2004)).”