Between air and water: the plunge dive of the Cape Gannet Morus capensis

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Overlap between vulnerable top predators and fisheries in the Benguela upwelling system: implications for marine protected areas (2009, background): “Finally, both birds and fisheries overlap in the depth at which they exploit their prey, as gannets do not dive deeper than 30 m (Ropert-Coudert et al. 2004), and most penguin dives occur between 10 and 70 m (Wilson 1985, Petersen et al. 2006).”
Potential impacts of wave-powered marine renewable energy installations on marine birds (2010, background): “Sensitivity will also vary as a function of avoidance ability: surface divers have typically slow and controlled dive profiles, whereas plunge-diving species have a lower margin for avoidance and so may be more threatened (Ropert-Coudert et al. 2004, Thaxter et al. 2009).”
Species- and sex-specific differences in foraging behaviour and foraging zones in blue-footed and brown boobies in the Gulf of California (2009, methodology): “This is a logical result for a plunge-diving animal such as a booby that uses only the momentum of its plunge to attain depths, with heavier individuals attaining deeper depths when plunge diving (Ropert-Coudert et al. 2004).”