The Toll-like receptor pathway establishes commensal gut colonization
By June L. Round, S. M. Lee, Jennifer Li, G. Tran, B. Jabri, T. Chatila, S. Mazmanian. Science, 2011
920 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Signaling through innate immune receptors promotes commensal bacteria colonization of the gut. Mucosal surfaces constantly encounter microbes. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) mediate recognition of microbial patterns to eliminate pathogens. By contrast, we demonstrate that the prominent gut commensal Bacteroides fragilis activates the TLR pathway to establish host-microbial symbiosis. TLR2 on CD4+ T cells is required for B. fragilis colonization of a unique mucosal niche in mice during homeostasis. A symbiosis factor (PSA, polysaccharide A) of B. fragilis signals through TLR2 directly on Foxp3+ regulatory T cells to promote immunologic tolerance. B. fragilis lacking PSA is unable to restrain T helper 17 cell responses and is defective in niche-specific mucosal colonization. Therefore, commensal bacteria exploit the TLR pathway to actively suppress immunity. We propose that the immune system can discriminate between pathogens and the microbiota through recognition of symbiotic bacterial molecules in a process that engenders commensal colonization.
Subfields: Clinical Biochemistry, Infectious Diseases, Molecular Biology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d5d910f4b8675d77fdf01e3ab44171563a65f8b3
How researchers see this paper
The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.
In Infectious Diseases
In Molecular Biology
- M. Zeng
- Maria Letizia Giardino Torchia
- Yue Shen
- J. Ashwell
- C. Karp
- G. Lawson
- G. Núñez
- Scott F. Gilbert
Citations in the corpus
- Animals in a bacterial world, a new imperative for the life sciences (2013, background): “Thus, the discovery that at least one choanoflagellate, Salpingoeca rosetta, responds to signals from specific bacteria to initiate colony formation through cell division hints at an ancient involvement of bacteria in the initiation of multicellularity (9).”
- Outer Membrane Vesicles of a Human Commensal Mediate Immune Regulation and Disease Protection (2012, methodology): “In Vitro BMDC-T Cell Coculture Performed as previously described (Round et al., 2011; Round and Mazmanian, 2010).”
- Gut microbiota: Role in pathogen colonization, immune responses, and inflammatory disease (2017, background): “colonization of Bacteroides fragilis, a human s pecies, was shown to induce Tregs and production of IL -10 by polysaccharide A via TLR2 signaling (94, 95).”
- Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics in Gut Inflammation: A Door to the Body (2021, background): “Besides, Bacteroides fragilis polysaccharide A (PSA) elicit an IL10 response in gut T cells that prevent the spread of TH17 cells responsible for derangement of the intestinal wall (17).”
- A Symbiotic View of Life: We Have Never Been Individuals (2012, background): “The ability of symbiotic bacteria to use the innate and acquired immunity pathways to initiate symbioses has led Round et al. (2011) to conclude that “the immune system can discriminate between pathogens and the microbiota through recognition of symbiotic bacterial molecules in a process that…”