Rediscovering black phosphorus as an anisotropic layered material for optoelectronics and electronics

By Fengnian Xia, Han Wang, Yichen Jia. Nature Communications, 2014

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Graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are the two major types of layered materials under intensive investigation. However, the zero-bandgap nature of graphene and the relatively low mobility in TMDCs limit their applications. Here we reintroduce black phosphorus (BP), the most stable allotrope of phosphorus with strong intrinsic in-plane anisotropy, to the layered-material family. For 15-nm-thick BP, we measure a Hall mobility of 1,000 and 600 cm2V−1s−1 for holes along the light (x) and heavy (y) effective mass directions at 120 K. BP thin films also exhibit large and anisotropic in-plane optical conductivity from 2 to 5 μm. Field-effect transistors using 5 nm BP along x direction exhibit an on–off current ratio exceeding 105, a field-effect mobility of 205 cm2V−1s−1, and good current saturation characteristics all at room temperature. BP shows great potential for thin-film electronics, infrared optoelectronics and novel devices in which anisotropic properties are desirable. The applications of graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides in electronics are limited by their zero-bandgap and low mobility, respectively. Here, the authors demonstrate the potential of an emerging layered material—black phosphorous—for thin film electronics and infrared optoelectronics.

Subfields: Materials Chemistry

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d52a827295a1127d54dc034fcf0c7828932a96c2

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In Materials Chemistry

  1. Yong‐Wei Zhang
  2. Gang Zhang
  3. Yongqing Cai
  4. Z. Ong
  5. V. Sorkin
  6. Mark C. Hersam
  7. Yu Huang
  8. Xiangfeng Duan

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