On the Measurement of Inequality

By François Bourguignon. 2003

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Age-Based Scheduling Policy for Federated Learning in Mobile Edge Networks (2019, methodology): “In this paper, we set the function as follows [20]:”
Task Agnostic Meta-Learning for Few-Shot Learning (2018, background): “Suppose that we have M losses { (cid:96) i | i = 1 , · · · , M } , then Thiel Index is deﬁned as Generalized Entropy Index [4].”
Is It All About the Tails? The Palma Measure of Income Inequality (2013, unknown): “Importantly, however, it is generally more sensitive to changes at the extreme ends of the Lorenz curve, whereas the Gini is more sensitive to changes in the middle of the distribution (see for full discussion Cowell, 2000; 2007).”
Horizontal Inequalities: A Neglected Dimension of Development (2005, unknown): “explicitly incorporate a valuation element ε (Atkinson 1970; Anand and Sen 1995).”
The Global Distribution of Income (2014, background): “are typically much better than surveys at capturing capital income, this varies depending on the extent to which capital income is taxed and hence reported in the tax records (Atkinson et al., 2011, p. 35). Alvaredo and Londoño Vélez’s (2013) study of top incomes in Colombia notes that different def”
On the Simple Economics of Advertising, Marketing, and Product Design (2006, background): “2Our distinction is motivated by Atkinson’s (1970, p. 245) suggestion to “separate shifts in the distribution from changes in its shape and confine the term inequality to the latter aspect.” 3There is no uncertainty over the demand curve faced by the monopolist; our work is distinct from that of Lel”
Revisiting the Evidence for a Cardinal Treatment of Ordinal Variables (2015, unknown): “(Atkinson, (1970), proved it for equal‐mean distributions; Shorrocks, (1984) extended it to all kinds of distributions).”
Identification and Estimation of Distributional Impacts of Interventions Using Changes in Inequality Measures (2016, unknown): “As discussed in Cowell (2000), the coe¢ cient 7An interesting result in the income distribution literature establishes that any continuous inequality measure that satis es the principle of transfers, scale invariance, decomposability and the anonymity must be ordinally equivalent to the Generalized…”
Why Horizontal Inequalities Matter: Some Implications for Measurement. (2005, methodology): “But if individual identity flows in part from group membership this may help to explain why it is the ratio of the 8 ‘A complete ranking of distributions cannot be reached without fully specifying the form of the social welfare function’ (Atkinson, 1970, quoted in Atkinson, 1983: 30).”
Removing the anonymity axiom in assessing pro-poor growth (2007, unknown): “This assumption is usually invoked for welfare orderings, whether we look at inequality (Atkinson 1970) or at poverty (Greer, Foster and Thorbecke 1984).”
Frictional Wage Dispersion in Search Models: A Quantitative Assessment (2011, unknown): “In conclusion, adding wage randomness with plausible persistence has negligible impact on the size of frictional dispersion in search models.(18)”
The personal and the factor distributions of income in a cross-section of countries (2007, background): “Second, as Atkinson and Brandolini (2001) discuss, cross-country comparisons of income inequality are problematic.”
Multidimensional generalized Gini indices (2005, methodology): “2 For univariate distributions, the most commonly-used procedure for deriving a relative (i.e., scale invariant) inequality index from a social evaluation ordering was independently proposed by Kolm (1969) and Atkinson (1970) and popularized by Sen (1973).”
Economic Restructuring and Income Inequality in Urban China (2004, background): “M Decomposition of the contributing factors to income inequality has long been an important methodological issue in the income distribution literature (Cowell, 2000).”
Compositional data: the sample space and its structure (2019, background): “The Gini, Theil, Atkinson and Entropy indexes (Gini 1921; Theil 1967; Atkinson 1970) are the most widely studied.”
Putting Risk in its Proper Place (2005, unknown): “(2) w1(x) Eu(x+ ~"1) u(x) 0 8x if and only if u00 0:”
WEALTH INEQUALITY: A SURVEY (2015, unknown): “The graph {(q,Q(F ; q)) : 0 ≤ q ≤ 1} is Pen’s Parade, a basic tool used in first-order dominance comparisons (Cowell 2000, 2011 2015).”