Hydrogen peroxide as a central redox signaling molecule in physiological oxidative stress: Oxidative eustress☆

By H. Sies. Redox Biology, 2017

1,871 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Hydrogen peroxide emerged as major redox metabolite operative in redox sensing, signaling and redox regulation. Generation, transport and capture of H2O2 in biological settings as well as their biological consequences can now be addressed. The present overview focuses on recent progress on metabolic sources and sinks of H2O2 and on the role of H2O2 in redox signaling under physiological conditions (1–10 nM), denoted as oxidative eustress. Higher concentrations lead to adaptive stress responses via master switches such as Nrf2/Keap1 or NF-κB. Supraphysiological concentrations of H2O2 (>100 nM) lead to damage of biomolecules, denoted as oxidative distress. Three questions are addressed: How can H2O2 be assayed in the biological setting? What are the metabolic sources and sinks of H2O2? What is the role of H2O2 in redox signaling and oxidative stress?

Subfields: Immunology, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d0c08026b6f0a9d623cfe0e22d9d074ded63dd3b

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Citations in the corpus

Mechanisms and Mitochondrial Redox Signaling in Photobiomodulation (2018, background): “This manageable level of H2O2 has recently been termed “oxidative eustress” (56).”
Global Impacts of Western Diet and Its Effects on Metabolism and Health: A Narrative Review (2023, background): “Due to important macromolecules being attacked by free radicals, cell injury and a disruption of homeostasis develop [49].”
Antioxidants and Antioxidant Enzymes in Higher Plants (2018, background): “The cell basal oxidative metabolism induces the production of ROS/RNS at low concentrations (Sies 2017); whilst, under salinity and drought stresses, a rise in their production and concentration takes place in the different organelles (Hernández et al. 1993, 1995; Gómez et al. 2004).”
Several lines of antioxidant defense against oxidative stress: antioxidant enzymes, nanomaterials with multiple enzyme-mimicking activities, and low-molecular-weight antioxidants (2024, background): “At present, more than three dozen hydrogen peroxide-generating enzymes are known (Sies 2017).”
13 reasons why the brain is susceptible to oxidative stress (2018, background): “If so, such a state of affairs is perilous, if PRDX isoforms become over-oxidised when [H2O2] rises to high nanomolar levels that seem to herald cell death [45,180].”