Unconventional lift-generating mechanisms in free-flying butterflies

By R. B. Srygley, Adrian L. R. Thomas. Nature, 2002

409 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Aerospace Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/cdc367796fa4f05b687ac3618dbf9b12e2e3e95c

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Citations in the corpus

The aerodynamics of insect flight (2003, background): “…determine the time course of flight forces, including stroke amplitude, angle of attack, deviation from mean stroke plane, wing tip trajectory and wing beat frequency (Ennos, 1989b; Ruppell, 1989), as well as timing and duration of wing rotation during stroke reversal (Srygley and Thomas, 2002).”
Wing–wake interaction reduces power consumption in insect tandem wings (2009, background): “…how insects enhance their lift production to support body weight, to lift loads, and to allow manoeuvring flight (e.g. Birch and Dickinson 2003; Dickinson et al. 1999; Lan and Sun 2001; Lehmann et al. 2005; Ramamurti and Sandberg 2007; Srygley and Thomas 2002; Sun and Tang 2002; Wang et al. 2003).”
Reynolds number and aspect ratio effects on the leading-edge vortex for rotating insect wing planforms (2013, background): “A dual leading-edge vortex structure has been observed by Srygley & Thomas (2002) over butterfly wings during wing beats that resulted in very large accelerations of the butterfly and has been shown to exist under certain Reynolds number conditions and angles of attack for a range of wing shapes…”
Influence of wing kinematics on aerodynamic performance in hovering insect flight (2007, background): “More recently, Srygley & Thomas (2002) performed free-flight experimental visualizations using butterflies and showed vortical structures.”
Vortex dynamics and new lift enhancement mechanism of wing–body interaction in insect forward flight (2016, background): “…of the body, new vortices with the same rotating direction as the wing LEVs were found attached to the upper body of free-flying butterflies (Srygley & Thomas 2002), tethered dragonflies (Reavis & Luttges 1988; Thomas et al. 2004) and tethered hawkmoths (Luttges 1989; Bomphrey et al. 2005);…”
Application of digital particle image velocimetry to insect aerodynamics: measurement of the leading-edge vortex and near wake of a Hawkmoth (2006, background): “…and theoretical attention as they generate greater than normal lift coefficients (Azuma and Watanabe 1988; Birch and Dickinson 2001; Bomphrey et al. 2002; Dickinson et al. 1999; Ellington et al. 1996; Somps and Luttges 1985; Srygley and Thomas 2002; Willmott et al. 1997; Zbikowski 2002).”
Unsteady force generation and vortex dynamics of pitching and plunging aerofoils (2012, positive): “Smoke flow visualization of hovering butterflies, dragonflies, bees, and hawkmoths [11-17], and PIV measurements on hummingbirds, bats, and hawkmoths [18-25] highlight the efforts by the biology community to understand flapping wing”
Aerodynamics of Low Reynolds Number Flyers (2007, background): “Another recent study (Srygley and Thomas, 2002) on large red admiral butterflies, Vanessa Atlanta, also questioned the existence of axial flow even at the level of the”
Flapping Wings and Aerodynamic Lift: The Role of Leading-Edge Vortices (2007, background): “, [2–6]) based on different insect models, resulting in varied views on the role played by the LEV and implications on lift generation.”