Early galaxy formation and its large-scale effects

By P. Dayal. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, 2018

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Abstract Galaxy formation in the first billion years mark a time of great upheaval in the history of the Universe: the first galaxies started both the ‘metal age’ as well as the era of cosmic reionization. I will start by reviewing the dust production mechanisms and dust masses for high-redshift galaxies which will be revolutionized in the ALMA era. I will then show how the JWST will be an invaluable experiment to shed light on the impact of reionization feedback on early galaxy formation. As we look forward towards the era of 21cm cosmology, I will highlight the crucial and urgent synergies required between 21cm facilities (such as the SKA) and galaxy experiments (JWST, E-ELT and Subaru to name a few) to understand the physics of the epoch of reionization that remains a crucial frontier in the field of astrophysics and physical cosmology. Time permitting, I will try to give a flavour of how the assembly of early galaxies, accessible with the forthcoming JWST, can provide a powerful testbed for Dark Matter models beyond ‘Cold Dark Matter’.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/cd3e056000f1cc55de8f4e80b33079eb542f927f

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Citations in the corpus

A case study of hurdle and generalized additive models in astronomy: the escape of ionizing radiation (2018, background): “…Epoch of Reionization (EoR) represents a milestone in the evolution of the Universe marking the transition from an initially neutral inter-galactic medium (IGM) into a hot, ionized plasma (e.g. Gnedin 2000; Ciardi, Stoehr & White 2003; Iliev et al. 2014; Dayal & Ferrara 2018; Eide et al. 2018).”
JWST Census for the Mass–Metallicity Star Formation Relations at z = 4–10 with Self-consistent Flux Calibration and Proper Metallicity Calibrators (2023, background): “…conjunction with cosmological simulations ( e.g., Finlator & Davé 2008; Ma et al. 2016; Torrey et al. 2019; Langan et al. 2020; Ucci et al. 2023 ) and chemical evolution models ( e.g., Davé et al. 2012; Lilly et al. 2013; Dayal & Ferrara 2018 ) to gain insights into galaxy formation and evolution.”
Conditions for Reionizing the Universe with a Low Galaxy Ionizing Photon Escape Fraction (2019, methodology): “We refer the reader to the recent review by Dayal & Ferrara (2018) for further discussion on this topic.”
De re metallica: the cosmic chemical evolution of galaxies (2018, methodology): “Extensive reviews of the methods used to develop galaxy formation models and of the current status in this area can be found in Silk & Mamon (2012), Silk et al. (2014), Somerville & Davé (2015), Naab & Ostriker (2017) and Dayal & Ferrara (2018).”
The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] survey (2020, background): “…assembly in galaxies at different epochs is the result of several physical processes which, in combination, produce the remarkable observed evolution of the star formation rate density (SFRD) with cosmic time (Silk & Mamon 2012; Madau & Dickinson 2014; Dayal & Ferrara 2018, and references therein).”
Rapid Reionization by the Oligarchs: The Case for Massive, UV-bright, Star-forming Galaxies with High Escape Fractions (2019, background): “The protagonists, topology, and timeline of the EoR are intertwined with our understanding of the early universe and its newly born stellar populations (for a recent review, see Dayal & Ferrara 2018).”
Early Results from GLASS-JWST. III. Galaxy Candidates at z ∼9–15 (2022, background): “The inferred UV luminosity functions, together with assumptions on the ionizing output of LBGs, enabled the first investigations of the epoch of reionization (EoR, e.g., Dayal & Ferrara 2018).”
A Long Time Ago in a Galaxy Far, Far Away: A Candidate z ∼ 12 Galaxy in Early JWST CEERS Imaging (2022, background): “Simulations do make predictions for the evolution of the SFRD, but these predictions span a wide range (e.g., Gnedin 2016; Dayal & Ferrara 2018; Tacchella et al. 2018; Yung et al. 2019; Behroozi et al. 2020).”
Spectroscopic confirmation of four metal-poor galaxies at z = 10.3–13.2 (2022, methodology): “The pipeline has 11 main steps: (1) identification of non-target galaxies intercepting the open shutters; (2) pixel-level background subtraction by combining the three nod exposures (excluding nods contaminated by non-target sources); (3) extraction of subimages containing the spectral trace of each”
A Comprehensive Study of Galaxies at z ∼ 9–16 Found in the Early JWST Data: Ultraviolet Luminosity Functions and Cosmic Star Formation History at the Pre-reionization Epoch (2022, background): “One of the most important goals in astronomy today is to understand galaxy formation from the birth stage to the current stage (Stark 2016; Dayal & Ferrara 2018; Ouchi et al. 2020; Robertson 2022).”
On the stunning abundance of super-early, luminous galaxies revealed by JWST (2022, methodology): “Hierarchical models of galaxy formation based on the standard ΛCDM cosmological model have been very successful in predicting the properties and evolution of galaxies across a wide range of redshifts (for a recent review, see Dayal & Ferrara 2018).”
CEERS Key Paper. I. An Early Look into the First 500 Myr of Galaxy Formation with JWST (2022, background): “…rate that may be enhanced by up to an order of magnitude per unit stellar mass, possibly resulting in stronger supernova-driven galactic winds (e.g., Dayal & Ferrara 2018; Jaacks et al. 2019), with alternative explanations for any such signature possible as well (e.g., Naab & Ostriker 2017).”
Two Remarkably Luminous Galaxy Candidates at z ≈ 10–12 Revealed by JWST (2022, background): “When and how the first galaxies formed remains one of the most intriguing questions of extragalactic astronomy and observational cosmology (see Dayal & Ferrara 2018; Robertson 2021, for recent reviews).”