Control of actin reorganization by Slingshot, a family of phosphatases that dephosphorylate ADF/cofilin.

By R. Niwa, Kyoko Nagata-Ohashi, M. Takeichi, K. Mizuno, Tadashi Uemura. Cell, 2002

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Actin cytoskeleton regulation in neuronal morphogenesis and structural plasticity. (2002, background): “Additionally, there is also a specific cofilin phosphatase, Slingshot, which is conserved fromD sophila to human (Niwa et al. 2002).”
Actin binding proteins: regulation of cytoskeletal microfilaments. (2003, background): “(204) to dephosphorylate cofilin in cultured cells and in cell-free assays.”
Regulation of actin assembly associated with protrusion and adhesion in cell migration. (2008, background): “The LIM kinase phosphorylates ADF and inactivates it, whereas the phosphatase slingshot activates it (8, 151).”
Hippocampal LTP is accompanied by enhanced F-actin content within the dendritic spine that is essential for late LTP maintenance in vivo. (2003, background): “…et al., 1995; Moriyama et al., 1996), and excessive actin polymerization is observed in mammalian and fly cells with highly phosphorylated ADF/cofilinImportance of Actin-Depolymerizing Factor (Arber et al., 1998; Niwa et al., 2002; Toshima et al.,(ADF)/Cofilin in L-LTP 2001; Yang et al., 1998).”