Hyaluronan Fragments Act as an Endogenous Danger Signal by Engaging TLR21

By K. Scheibner, Michael A. Lutz, Sada Boodoo, M. Fenton, J. Powell, M. Horton. Journal of Immunology, 2006

737 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Cell Biology, Immunology, Immunology and Allergy

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c8df6cf6e2ca152c290be655ebc7ffbe8bbfd981

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Cell Biology

1. L. Galluzzi
2. Guido Kroemer
3. Marina Colombo
4. W. Zong
5. P. Kubes
6. Rebecca S. Y. Wong
7. Nikolaos G. Frangogiannis
8. A. Varki

In Immunology

1. Guido Kroemer
2. L. Zitvogel
3. L. Galluzzi
4. M. Smyth
5. Oliver Kepp
6. S. Formenti
7. S. Demaria
8. A. Buqué

In Immunology and Allergy

1. P. Noble
2. Jiurong Liang
3. J. Zindel
4. D. Jiang
5. P. Kubes
6. Nikolaos G. Frangogiannis

Citations in the corpus

• The inflammatory response to cell death. (2008, background): “For example, TLR4 recognizes lipopolysaccarides which are membrane components found in most gram negative bacteria.”
• Consensus guidelines for the detection of immunogenic cell death (2014, background): “, hyaluronan fragments).(162,163) CALR gets exposed on the cell surface early in the course of ICD, i.”
• DAMPs, PAMPs, and LAMPs in Immunity and Sterile Inflammation. (2020, background): “F or p er so na l u se o nl y. Table 1 Noninfectious (or sterile) immunostimulatory molecular patternsa Molecular pattern Receptor Physiological purpose Potential role in immune-mediated disease or treatment Intracellular DAMPs cDAMPs (nucleus) Double-stranded DNA TLR9 (128), AIM2 (129, 130) Damage ”
• HMGB1: Endogenous Danger Signaling (2008, background): “Several endogenous molecules that are released during both infectious and sterile inflammation, such as HMGB1, heat shock proteins (HSPs), S100s, and hyaluronan, have been implicated as possessing the capacity to trigger the immune system through PRRs, much like PAMPs (9) (10) (11) .”
• The Role of Synovitis in Osteoarthritis pathogenesis (2012, background): “These include matrix components such as tenascin C [72,19], fibronectin isoforms [17,59], small molecular weight species of hyaluronic acid [6,91,105,106] and biglycan [9,23,80,90].”
• Tumor-Associated Macrophages as Major Players in the Tumor Microenvironment (2014, background): “digestion of high-molecular-weight HA also utilize both TLR2 and TLR4 to stimulate inflammatory gene expression in macrophages and act as an endogenous danger signal [45].”
• Hyaluronan as an Immune Regulator in Human Diseases (2011, positive): “NF- B regulates apoptosis (241), and HA fragments can activate NF- B in macrophages (327, 394).”