Progress in Exosome Isolation Techniques

By Pin Li, Melisa Kaslan, Sze Han Lee, J. Yao, Zhiqiang Gao. Theranostics, 2017

1,696 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Exosomes are one type of membrane vesicles secreted into extracellular space by most types of cells. In addition to performing many biological functions particularly in cell-cell communication, cumulative evidence has suggested that several biological entities in exosomes like proteins and microRNAs are closely associated with the pathogenesis of most human malignancies and they may serve as invaluable biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. This provides a commanding impetus and growing demands for simple, efficient, and affordable techniques to isolate exosomes. Capitalizing on the physicochemical and biochemical properties of exosomes, a number of techniques have been developed for the isolation of exosomes. This article summarizes the advances in exosome isolation techniques with an emphasis on their isolation mechanism, performance, challenges, and prospects. We hope that this article will provide an overview of exosome isolation techniques, opening up new perspectives towards the development more innovative strategies and devices for more time saving, cost effective, and efficient isolations of exosomes from a wide range of biological matrices.

Subfields: Cancer Research, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c73e353eed432a02e335c95290a8cfb4861d7784

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Citations in the corpus

A Review of Exosomal Isolation Methods: Is Size Exclusion Chromatography the Best Option? (2020, methodology): “dUC can isolate relatively pure populations of exosomes and is generally considered to be the gold standard technique for exosomal isolation [51].”
Review of the Isolation, Characterization, Biological Function, and Multifarious Therapeutic Approaches of Exosomes (2019, methodology): “There are two types of ultracentrifugation—analytical and preparative [77].”
Progress, opportunity, and perspective on exosome isolation - efforts for efficient exosome-based theranostics (2020, background): “For instance, although gradient ultracentrifugation is capable of purifying exosomes with minimal contamination, the processing volume of this method is limited by the thin loading zone [13].”
Overview of Extracellular Vesicles, Their Origin, Composition, Purpose, and Methods for Exosome Isolation and Analysis (2019, methodology): “Ultrafiltration is one of the most common size-based techniques used for exosome isolation; the idea behind this method is the same as with conventional membrane filtration, where the separation of particles is based on the size and molecular weight cut off (MWCO) of the membrane being used [104].”
Plant exosome like nanovesicles: Emerging therapeutics and drug delivery nanoplatforms. (2020, methodology): “This complication may be averted by incorporating a thin layer of high-density iso-osmotic material as a cushion at the bottom of the centrifuge tube, and as a result PELNVs will never spin out as pellets at the bottom and will give enhanced yield and quality.(28,39) In addition to differential cent”
Naturally Occurring Exosome Vesicles as Potential Delivery Vehicle for Bioactive Compounds (2019, methodology): “Lobb et al. (2015) suggested this method as a faster alternative to ultracentrifugation when they observed that it led to a higher recovery of exosome particles.”