Learning to think: The challenges of teaching thinking

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How researchers see this paper

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Reasoning is for Arguing: Understanding the Successes and Failures of Deliberation (2012, background): “But what the results presented above show is that trying to eradicate the confirmation bias at the individual level is very difficult (Ritchart & Perkins, 2005; Willingham, 2008), while it can easily be harnessed to yield good outcomes at the collective level.”
Reasoning Serves Argumentation in Children (2011, unknown): “… of the confirmation bias, many educators have emphasized the teaching of critical thinking skills, but they have only met with limited success (Ritchart & Perkins, 2005; Willingham, 2008; for a counterpoint and a recent exception, see Kuhn &…”
Uncovering students’ thinking about thinking using concept maps (2009, background): “From a research perspective, efforts to promote student thinking have traditionally suffered from a lack of clear evidence of their effectiveness (Ritchhart and Perkins 2005; Ritchhart and Perkins 2008).”
The reasoning skills and thinking dispositions of problem gamblers: a dual‐process taxonomy (2007, background): “…domains most relevant to gambling behavior (e.g., probabilistic reasoning and causal thinking) are very remediable, and that we know much about what the relevant mindware is and how it can be taught (Nickerson, 2004; Nisbett, 1993; Perkins, 1995; Ritchhart & Perkins, 2005; Toneatto & Sobell, 1990).”