Surface modification of silica nanoparticles to reduce aggregation and nonspecific binding.

By R. Bagwe, L. Hilliard, W. Tan. Langmuir, 2006

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Synthesis of silica nanoparticles by sol-gel: size-dependent properties, surface modification, and applications in silica-polymer nanocomposites — a review (2012, methodology): “However, the method was successfully applied for the coating of nanoparticles with different functional groups for various applications [9, 10].”
Green technology extraction and characterisation of silica nanoparticles from palm kernel shell ash via sol–gel (2020, methodology): “Silica nanoparticles have been produced using Chemical Vapour Condensation (CVC) [38], Reverse Micro Emulsion (RME) [39], precipitation method [40].”
Engineered Design of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles to Deliver Doxorubicin and Pgp siRNA to Overcome Drug Resistance in a Cancer Cell Line (2010, neutral): “By contrast, the amine groups (pKa 9) are protonated at physiological pH and exhibit a positive charge that prevents electrostatic binding of the same agents.(18,19) From a therapeutic perspective, we focused on phosphonateA RT IC LE”
Nanotechnology for Early Cancer Detection (2010, background): “Silica nanoparticles doped with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) dyes have been investigated as simultaneous and multiplexed detection [69].”
In vitro toxicity of silica nanoparticles in human lung cancer cells. (2006, methodology): “Several techniques are available to prevent aggregation, including addition of surfactants or modification of particle surface (Bagwe et al., 2006).”