Dietary fibre intake and risk of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis

By D. Threapleton, D. Greenwood, C. Evans, C. Cleghorn, C. Nykjaer, C. Woodhead, J. Cade, C. Gale, V. Burley. British medical journal, 2013

682 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Objective To investigate dietary fibre intake and any potential dose-response association with coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease. Design Systematic review of available literature and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies using random effects models. Data sources The Cochrane Library, Medline, Medline in-process, Embase, CAB Abstracts, ISI Web of Science, BIOSIS, and hand searching. Eligibility criteria for studies Prospective studies reporting associations between fibre intake and coronary heart disease or cardiovascular disease, with a minimum follow-up of three years and published in English between 1 January 1990 and 6 August 2013. Results 22 cohort study publications met inclusion criteria and reported total dietary fibre intake, fibre subtypes, or fibre from food sources and primary events of cardiovascular disease or coronary heart disease. Total dietary fibre intake was inversely associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (risk ratio 0.91 per 7 g/day (95% confidence intervals 0.88 to 0.94)) and coronary heart disease (0.91 (0.87 to 0.94)). There was evidence of some heterogeneity between pooled studies for cardiovascular disease (I2=45% (0% to 74%)) and coronary heart disease (I2=33% (0% to 66%)). Insoluble fibre and fibre from cereal and vegetable sources were inversely associated with risk of coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease. Fruit fibre intake was inversely associated with risk of cardiovascular disease. Conclusions Greater dietary fibre intake is associated with a lower risk of both cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease. Findings are aligned with general recommendations to increase fibre intake. The differing strengths of association by fibre type or source highlight the need for a better understanding of the mode of action of fibre components.

Subfields: Nutrition and Dietetics, Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bef9f10b62c24219104e0b4b37a15bb352fa6398

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In Nutrition and Dietetics

1. Edward L. Giovannucci
2. N. Bandarra

Citations in the corpus

• Dietary fibre in Europe: current state of knowledge on definitions, sources, recommendations, intakes and relationships to health (2017, methodology): “One such change may be adherence to a dietary pattern encompassing a range of high-fibre foods which may make an impact on reducing CVD risk through reduction in recognised CVD risk factors such as raised blood cholesterol, hypertension, systemic inflammation, impaired glucose tolerance and elevated”
• Halophytes: Gourmet food with nutritional health benefits? (2017, background): “A daily intake of 7 g of fibre of cereal or vegetable origin was considered enough to significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular and coronary heart disease (Threapleton et al., 2013).”
• Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality—a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies (2017, background): “Dietary fibre and fruit and vegetable intakes have been shown to reduce cholesterol levels, blood pressure, inflammation and platelet aggregation, and to improve vascular and immune function, and recent meta-analyses showed inverse associations between fibre intake and cardiovascular disease.(181,18”
• 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (2017, neutral): “94)] [322] and a 10 g/day higher fibre intake is associated with a 16% lower risk of stroke [RR 0.”
• Association Between Dietary Factors and Mortality From Heart Disease, Stroke, and Type 2 Diabetes in the United States (2017, neutral): “5) Hispanic N deaths 30 (0, 42) 7 (5, 10) 119 (73, 159) 34 (20, 46) 392 (254, 508) 119 (75, 162) 587 (354, 831) 256 (168, 333) 608 (389, 812) 317 (207, 423) 856 (582, 1111) 907 (628, 1265) 4233 (3674, 4827) % CHD 38.”