Mott-Hubbard transition of cold atoms in optical lattices

By W. Zwerger. 2002

273 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We discuss the superfluid (SF) to Mott-insulator transition of cold atoms in optical lattices recently observed by Greiner et al (2002 Nature 415 39). The fundamental properties of both phases and their experimental signatures ar ed iscussed carefully, including the limitations of the standard Gutzwiller approximation. It is shown that in a one-dimensional dilute Bose-gas with a strong transverse confinement (Tonks-gas), even an arbitrary weak optical lattice is able to induce a Mott-like state with crystalline order, provided the dimensionless interactio np arameter is larger than a critical value of order one. The SF–insulator transition of the Bose–Hubbard model in this case continuously evolves into a transition of the commensurate–incommensurate type with decreasing strength of the external optical lattice.

Subfields: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/be8d578ec6087ebce55450db783166a26a3e4017

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In Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

Citations in the corpus

Superfluidity in nuclear systems and neutron stars (2018, background): “By placing fermions in an optical lattice of suitable design, one is now able to simulate the effect of a periodic potential on the properties of strongly correlated fermions subject to tunable interactions (Bloch, 2004; Chin et al., 2006; Schreiber et al., 2015; Zwerger, 2003).”
Theory of ultracold atomic Fermi gases (2007, background): “The band width 2δ decreases exponentially for large s according to δ = 8ERs 3/4 exp(−2√s)/√π (Zwerger, 2003), and is inversely proportional to the tunneling rate through the barriers.”
Spreading of correlations and entanglement after a quench in the one-dimensional Bose–Hubbard model (2008, methodology): “Ultracold bosons subjected to an optical lattice can be described by the Bose-Hubbard model [19, 20, 21], here in its one-dimensional form”
Ultracold quantum gases in triangular optical lattices (2009, result): “Many aspects and characteristic features of this quantum phase transition have been addressed such as the visibility of interference peaks [41, 42, 43, 35], the possibility of observing fine structure in the central peak [44, 45], probing of the energy gap in the MI phase [40] and as a striking demo”
Precision measurement of spin-dependent interaction strengths for spin-1 and spin-2 87Rb atoms (2006, methodology): “ŨHO is calculated by approximating the lattice potential by a harmonic well near each minimum, and by using the lowest harmonic oscillator eigenfunction as φ0 [37].”
Dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices (2006, background): “The quasimomentum dependence of the lowest band energy can also be given analytically Zwerger, 2003 , E q ER = s − 2Jcos qd , J = 4 s 3/4e−2 s. 20 This energy expression, in which a constant energy was added, is plotted in Fig.”