Hemlock Woolly Adelgid

By M. McClure, S. Salom, K. Shields. 2019

177 citations recorded by the source corpus.

INTRODUCTION: The Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (HWA) is a tiny, aphidlike insect native to Asia, believed to have accidentally entered North America on imported nursery plants. It is now a serious pest of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) in the U.S. HWA were first reported on the west coast in the 1920’s, then near Richmond, VA, around 1950. Although west coast species of hemlocks appear resistant to HWA, eastern species have been ravaged by this pest. The potential ecological impacts of this pest are extensive. Eastern hemlock stands provide critical shelter and a unique habitat for many birds and wildlife, and are important in maintaining forest stream ecosystems. There is not an ecologically equivalent tree species that can take the place of eastern hemlock.

Subfields: Pharmacology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bc7ee4b23dcf3e64000fcb457135a428785ca981

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Citations in the corpus

Understory vegetation in old-growth and second-growth Tsuga canadensis forests in western Massachusetts (2009, background): “…gaps within the hemlock stands we 23 sampled (A. W. D’Amato, personal observation), as well as by the tremendous increase of these 1 species observed in the sapling layer of hemlock forests defoliated by hemlock woolly adelgid 2 (Orwig and Foster 1998, Kizlinski et al. 2002, Stadler et al. 2005).”
Anisotropic spread of hemlock woolly adelgid in the eastern United States (2009, background): “…in response to density-dependent changes in the nutritional quality of hemlock; populations may multiply rapidly while newly infested trees are still healthy, drop sharply when trees begin to decline, and resurge if the infested trees respond to the drop with new growth (McClure et al. 2001).”
Ecosystem Consequences of Biological Invasions (2010, background): “…[hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) and the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar)] (Clark et al. 2010, Daley et al. 2007, Eshleman et al. 1998, Ford & Vose 2007, Jenkins et al. 1999, Orwig et al. 2008, Riscassi & Scanlon 2009, Sch?fer et al. 2009, Stadler et al. 2005, Townsend et al. 2004).”
Effects of forest management practices on the diversity of ground-occurring beetles in mixed northern hardwood forests of the Great Lakes Region (2000, background): “…such as increased deer browsing resulting from habitat fragmentation (Alverson et al., 1988), the invasive hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae (McClure et al., 1996), and the possible establishment of the nun moth and Asian gypsy moth pose signi®cant threats to eastern hemlock forests in this…”
Restoration of threatened species: a noble cause for transgenic trees (2007, background): “Some of these predators, which are all species of lady beetles, show promise as biocontrol agents (McClure et al. 2001).”