Organic phosphorus compounds as a phosphorus source for higher plants through the activity of phosphatases produced by plant roots and microorganisms

By J. C. Tarafdar, N. Claassen. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2004

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SummaryThe efficiency of phosphatases produced by clover, barley, oats and wheat was investigated in soils treated with sodium glycerophosphate, lecithin and phytin. Root exudates of aseptically grown clover were also examined for the breakdown of different organic P compounds in order to test the efficiency of plant-produced phosphatases. In general, the plants were able to use P from all the organic sources used in the study almost as efficiently as inorganic sources. Dry-matter yield, P uptake, acid and alkaline phosphatase activity and microbial population were increased in all the P treatments. Organic P enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity. Lecithin increased fungal, and phytin bacterial growth. There was no alkaline phosphatase activity in the asepticallly grown clover root exudates. Phosphatase released in aseptic culture after 4 weeks of clover growth was able to efficiently hydrolyse sodium glycerophosphate, lecithin and phytin. The amount of organic P hydrolysed in this and in the soil experiment surpassed plant uptake by a factor of 20. This suggests that the limiting factor on plant utilization of organic P is the availability of hydrolysable organic P sources.

Subfields: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Plant Science, Soil Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bb6f9070cf075a3e1acd17ce61aab0907c17d940

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Citations in the corpus

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on soil enzyme activity is coupled with increased plant biomass (2019, background): “In addition to changing soil nutrients, AMF can also affect soil enzyme activity by increasing microbial activities or by exudation of plant-produced enzymes (Tarafdar & Claassen, 1988; Kaiser et al., 2015).”
Acquisition of phosphorus and nitrogen in the rhizosphere and plant growth promotion by microorganisms (2009, background): “Extracellular phosphatases released from roots have been characterized for a wide range of plant species and been shown to be effective for the in vitro hydrolysis of various organic P substrates (George et al. 2008; Hayes et al. 1999; Tadano et al. 1993; Tarafdar and Claassen 1988).”
Litter N:P ratios indicate whether N or P limits the decomposability of graminoid leaf litter (2006, background): “Ester-bonded P is readily hydrolysed by the phosphatases of microorganisms and plant roots (Chauhan et al. 1981; Tarafdar and Claassen 1988).”
Influence of Microorganisms on Phosphorus Bioavailability in Soils (2005, background): “Acid phosphatases are released by plant roots as well as by microorganisms (Seeling and Jungk 1996; Yadaf and Tarafdar 2001), while alkaline phosphatases are probably mostly of microbial origin (Tarafdar and Claasen 1988).”
Effect of Microorganisms and Microbial Metabolites on Apatite Dissolution (2002, background): “In soils, approximately 30 to 80% of the total phosphorus is organic phosphate (Tarafdar and Claassen 1988).”
Quantification of bacterial non-specific acid (phoC) and alkaline (phoD) phosphatase genes in bulk and rhizosphere soil from organically managed soybean fields (2017, methodology): “Higher available P in the root zone may indicate the conversion of organic P to inorganic P by phosphatase enzymes (Tarafdar and Claassen, 1998).”
Phosphatase activity of extra-radical arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae: A review (2000, background): “Where such measurements have been made, correlations between phosphatase activity and disappearance of Po are conflicting (Hedley et al., 1994; Tarafdar and Claassen, 1988; Tarafdar and Jungk, 1987; Thompson and Black, 1970).”
Phosphorus acquisition and use: critical adaptations by plants for securing a nonrenewable resource. (2003, background): “…in the release of P from senescent tissue for remobilization and in bypassing the P-requiring steps in C metabolism (Duff et al., 1989b; Plaxton & Carswell, 1999), root extracellular APases are more likely to be involved in acquisition from soil (Marschner et al., 1986; Tarafdar & Claasen, 1988).”