Plants parasitic on fungi: unearthing the fungi in myco-heterotrophs and debunking the ‘saprophytic’ plant myth

By J. Leake. 2005

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Mycorrhizal networks: Mechanisms, ecology and modelling (2012, unknown): “…the magnitude of C transferred in MNs. Transfers to mycoheterotrophic and partial mycoheterotrophic plants The greatest dependence on C transfer via MNs appears to occur in MH plants, followed by partial MH plants then autotrophic plants (Leake, 2005; Selosse et al., 2006; Leake and Cameron, 2010).”
Studies of Mycorrhizal Fungi of Chinese Orchids and Their Role in Orchid Conservation in China—A Review (2010, background): “However, more than 100 species of orchid are achlorophyllous, which means that they are completely dependent on their fungal partners throughout their lifetime (Leake, 1994, 2005; Bidartondo, 2005).”
Relation between oak tree phenology and the secretion of organic matter degrading enzymes by Lactarius quietus ectomycorrhizas before and during bud break (2007, background): “Some plant species are achlorophyllous and heterotrophic, but not directly parasitic upon autotrophs (Leake, 1994, 2005).”