Ketone bodies as signaling metabolites
By John C. Newman, E. Verdin. Trends in endocrinology and metabolism, 2013
879 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Traditionally, the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (βOHB) has been looked upon as a carrier of energy from liver to peripheral tissues during fasting or exercise. However, βOHB also signals via extracellular receptors and acts as an endogenous inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs). These recent findings support a model in which βOHB functions to link the environment, in this case the diet, and gene expression via chromatin modifications. Here, we review the regulation and functions of ketone bodies, the relationship between ketone bodies and calorie restriction, and the implications of HDAC inhibition by the ketone body βOHB in the modulation of metabolism, and diseases of aging.
Subfields: Physiology, Surgery
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b7b3f3271b5b39a93bd4de4e4593e09507a4bd2c
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Citations in the corpus
- NLRP3 inflammasome and its inhibitors: a review (2015, background): “…studies should examine how innate immunity, particularly the inflammasome, is influenced by ketones and other alternative metabolic fuels during periods of energy deficiency (Shido et al., 1989; Johnson et al., 2007; McGettrick and O’Neill, 2013; Mercken et al., 2013; Newman and Verdin, 2014).”
- β-Hydroxybutyrate (2017, neutral): “The data from invertebrate organisms showing that reduction in class I HDAC activity extends life span, and generally acts through similar pathways as dietary restriction, have been reviewed (92).”
- Multi-dimensional roles of ketone bodies in fuel metabolism, signaling, and therapeutics (2017, background): “…cells, which could aid in the regeneration of a photoreceptor outer segment. bOHB as a Signaling Mediator Although they are energetically rich, ketone bodies exert provocative ‘‘noncanonical’’ signaling roles in cellular homeostasis (Figure 3) (Newman and Verdin, 2014; Rojas-Morales et al., 2016).”
- Acetyl coenzyme A: a central metabolite and second messenger. (2015, background): “Some cells, however, including hepatocytes, can employ mitochondrial acetyl-CoA to synthesize ketone bodies, i.e., acetoacetate, acetone, andD-b-hydroxybutyrate (Newman and Verdin, 2014).”
- Metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications on the path to cancer (2021, background): “…modulates protein hydroxybutyrylation Ketone bodies contain three different molecules, acetone, acetoacetate (AcAc), and β-OHB, which are byproducts of the oxidation of fatty acids in the liver to provide energy for the heart and brain under fasting conditions (Newman and Verdin, 2014a, b, 2017).”