Driving while black: Bias processes and racial disparity in police stops

By Patricia Y. Warren, Donald Tomaskovic-Devey, W. R. Smith, M. Zingraff, Marcinda Mason. 2006

241 citations recorded by the source corpus.

How researchers see this paper

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Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Differences in Perceptions of the Police (2012, background): “In recent years, researchers have devoted significant attention toward understanding how racial profiling influences citizens perceptions of the police (Reitzel & Piquero, 2006; Warren et al., 2006).”
Does Predictive Policing Lead to Biased Arrests? Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial (2018, background): “…mechanisms driving these observed patterns of racial disparity (i.e., racial profiling, stereotyping/cognitive bias, deployment, racial animus/prejudice) remain difficult to disentangle, as (Warren et al. 2006) attests, there is little doubt that racial disparities in policing outcomes do exist.”
A Geographic Approach to Racial Profiling (2009, background): “…local versus state police), and may also be due to how data are collected, how key variables are operationalized, and whether certain control variables are introduced (Engel, Calnon, and Bernard, 2002; Gold, 2003; Harris, 2003; Parker et al., 2004; Walker, 2001; Warren et al. 2006; West, 2003).”