Rocking Response of Free-Standing Blocks under Cycloidal Pulses

By Jian Zhang, N. Makris. 2001

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Dimensionless fragility curves for rocking response to near‐fault excitations (2015, background): “, [17, 41, 42]) with p D 2:5 rad/s and ̨ D 0:20 rad.”
Seismic response of slender rigid structures with foundation uplifting (2007, methodology): “ment, electrical transformers and so on [6]) and (b) for nearly a century the engineering community analyzed overturning failures observed after an earthquake to obtain rough estimates of the true intensity of (unrecorded) seismic shaking.”
Dynamically equivalent rocking structures (2014, background): “[15, 16]) and have demonstrated why rocking structures are particularly vulnerable to pulse-type earthquakes.”
The rocking spectrum and the limitations of practical design methodologies (2003, methodology): “reasoning and the results shown in Figure 5 appear reasonable to the nonspecialist engineer, attention is redirected to Figure 4 that illustrates the divergent nature of the hyperbolic functions appearing in the free-vibration response of the rocking block [2; 6; 7].”
Revisiting the rocking block: closed-form solutions and similarity laws (2012, methodology): “Thus, from an earthquake engineering perspective, the transient rocking response to a finite-duration base excitation is of primary importance, rather than the steady-state response to harmonic loading (Zhang & Makris 2001).”