The biology and therapeutic targeting of the proprotein convertases

By N. Seidah, A. Prat. Nature reviews. Drug discovery, 2012

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Mechanisms of Coronavirus Cell Entry Mediated by the Viral Spike Protein (2012, background): “For coronaviruses that have a spike that is cleaved by furin, it is important to note that this protease belongs to a family of enzymes called proprotein convertases (PCs), which has nine members [70].”
Host cell entry of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus after two-step, furin-mediated activation of the spike protein (2014, background): “As furin is a viable target for intervention (32), a possible approach would be to formulate a drug combination that targets cathepsins and lung-specific proteases such as TMPRSS2, as well as furin-like proteases, because of their likely involvement in extrapulmonary spread.”
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Heart Failure in Type 2 Diabetes – Mechanisms, Management, and Clinical Considerations (2016, neutral): “PCSK9 is present in hepatocytes, and binds to and targets the LDL receptor for degradation.(221,222)”
The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade (2020, background): “The furin-like S2′ cleavage site at KR↓SF with P1 and P2 basic residues and a P2′ hydrophobic Phe (Seidah and Prat, 2012), downstream of the IFP is identical between the 2019-nCoV and SARSCoV (Fig.”