Information loss in black holes

By S. Hawking. 2005

420 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The question of whether information is lost in black holes is investigated using Euclidean path integrals. The formation and evaporation of black holes is regarded as a scattering problem with all measurements being made at infinity. This seems to be well formulated only in asymptotically AdS spacetimes. The path integral over metrics with trivial topology is unitary and information preserving. On the other hand, the path integral over metrics with non-trivial topologies leads to correlation functions that decay to zero. Thus at late times only the unitary information preserving path integrals over trivial topologies will contribute. Elementary quantum gravity interactions do not lose information or quantum coherence.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a9cb0dadac8cfcf2a66ebd35e2e5ec57522d0fab

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Citations in the corpus

Jerusalem Lectures on Black Holes and Quantum Information (2014, background): “The debate over whether or not black hole evaporation is unitary persisted for a while, but major progress in string theory in the 1990’s managed to eventually push most people in the field into the pro-unitarity camp (including Hawking himself [66]).”
Introduction to holographic superconductor models (2015, neutral): “, evolves in a unitary fashion [52, 53].”
Towards an S-matrix description of gravitational collapse (2007, background): “e collapse-like) classical configurations may turn out to be irrelevant in the quantum formulation of the physical process [10].”
Loop quantum dynamics of the Schwarzschild interior (2007, background): “In the context of Euclidean quantum gravity, it has been argued in [20] that indeed horizon modification might resolve the paradox.”
A Measure of de Sitter entropy and eternal inflation (2007, neutral): “As a consequence, the temperature of the Hawking radiation is not universal any longer; “slow” fields are radiated with lower temperatures than “fast” fields.”
The fuzzball proposal for black holes (2008, methodology): “Essentially the same point was made by Hawking in [121]: an observer at spatial infinity would need to make measurements over an infinite time to be certain that a black hole formed and then evaporated.”
Black hole information, unitarity, and nonlocality (2006, background): “(A different viewpoint on the resolution to the paradox is presented in [27].”
Comments on black holes I: the possibility of complementarity (2012, background): “Hawking’s reversal of his belief that information is lost was also implicitly based on the assumption that exponentially small corrections to the leading order process would produce an unentangled state [74].”
Time Dependence of Hawking Radiation Entropy (2013, background): “Interest in black hole information [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 6”
Information Preservation and Weather Forecasting for Black Holes (2014, background): “Only periodically identified anti deSitter space contributes to the boundary to boundary correlation functions because the correlation functions from the Schwarzschild anti deSitter metric decay exponentially with real time [8, 9].”
THE EVENT HORIZON OF SAGITTARIUS A* (2009, background): “Specifically, horizons play prominently in the well known “information paradox” (Hawking 2005; Mathur 2009).”
Transcending the ensemble: baby universes, spacetime wormholes, and the order and disorder of black hole information (2020, background): “The plethora of proposals for new physics that might be associated with obtaining this Page curve (including [3, 7–39]) were thus all properly viewed as speculative and contained at least some optimistic extrapolation or ad hoc ingredient.”
The library of Babel: on the origin of gravitational thermodynamics (2005, background): “It has been suggested in [50, 51] that the information loss paradox for black holes is solved because the wavefunction for a black hole spacetime also has support on geometries that do not have a horizon.”
Black holes in general relativity (2009, background): “The scientific publication closest in content to that talk is [23].”