Microcanonical Thermodynamics: Phase Transitions in 'Small' Systems

By D. Gross. 2001

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Thermodynamics and dynamics of systems with long-range interactions (2010, background): “, clusters of atoms) has been discussed in a number of studies [34], [35], [36], [37].”
Less is Different: Emergence and Reduction Reconciled (2011, background): “But by way of emphasizing how open all these issues are, I note that some physicists have developed frameworks for understanding phase transitions without taking the thermodynamic limit (Gross (2001)).”
What should a statistical mechanics satisfy to reflect nature (2004, background): “For the microcanonical ensemble, the situation can in fact be more complex (see, for instance [5]).”
Nonequilibrium fluctuations in small systems: From physics to biology (2007, background): “ystems are collections of many molecules we expect that the same laws that have been found to be applicable in macroscopic systems are also valid in small systems containing a few number of molecules [1, 2]. Yet, the phenomena that we will observe in the two regimes will be diﬀerent. Fluctuations in”
Nuclear multifragmentation and phase transition for hot nuclei (2008, background): “The energetic cost paid to produce surfaces is a decrease of the microcanonical temperature when the excitation energy increases and consequently the appearance of a negative microcanonical heat capacity [200, 202] as a specific signature of a first order phase transition for finite systems.”