The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex

By Bevan Simon Weir, Peter R. Johnston, Ulrike Damm. Studies in Mycology, 2012

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The limit of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex is defined genetically, based on a strongly supported clade within the Colletotrichum ITS gene tree. All taxa accepted within this clade are morphologically more or less typical of the broadly defined C. gloeosporioides, as it has been applied in the literature for the past 50 years. We accept 22 species plus one subspecies within the C. gloeosporioides complex. These include C. asianum, C. cordylinicola, C. fructicola, C. gloeosporioides, C. horii, C. kahawae subsp. kahawae, C. musae, C. nupharicola, C. psidii, C. siamense, C. theobromicola, C. tropicale, and C. xanthorrhoeae, along with the taxa described here as new, C. aenigma, C. aeschynomenes, C. alatae, C. alienum, C. aotearoa, C. clidemiae, C. kahawae subsp. ciggaro, C. salsolae, and C. ti, plus the nom. nov. C. queenslandicum (for C. gloeosporioides var. minus). All of the taxa are defined genetically on the basis of multi-gene phylogenies. Brief morphological descriptions are provided for species where no modern description is available. Many of the species are unable to be reliably distinguished using ITS, the official barcoding gene for fungi. Particularly problematic are a set of species genetically close to C. musae and another set of species genetically close to C. kahawae, referred to here as the Musae clade and the Kahawae clade, respectively. Each clade contains several species that are phylogenetically well supported in multi-gene analyses, but within the clades branch lengths are short because of the small number of phylogenetically informative characters, and in a few cases individual gene trees are incongruent. Some single genes or combinations of genes, such as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase, can be used to reliably distinguish most taxa and will need to be developed as secondary barcodes for species level identification, which is important because many of these fungi are of biosecurity significance. In addition to the accepted species, notes are provided for names where a possible close relationship with C. gloeosporioides sensu lato has been suggested in the recent literature, along with all subspecific taxa and formae speciales within C. gloeosporioides and its putative teleomorph Glomerella cingulata. Taxonomic novelties: Name replacement - C. queenslandicum B. Weir & P.R. Johnst. New species - C. aenigma B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. aeschynomenes B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. alatae B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. alienum B. Weir & P.R. Johnst, C. aotearoa B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. clidemiae B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. salsolae B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. ti B. Weir & P.R. Johnst. New subspecies - C. kahawae subsp. ciggaro B. Weir & P.R. Johnst. Typification: Epitypification - C. queenslandicum B. Weir & P.R. Johnst.

Subfields: Cell Biology, Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a3b570b7fea6707f07455b66ce01f80cfa1424da

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Citations in the corpus

Notes on currently accepted species of Colletotrichum (2016, positive): “Colletotrichum theobromicola is also known as a pathogen of strawberry runners; previously known as C. fragaria, which has been synonimized with C. theobromicola by Weir et al. (2012).”
Fungal endophyte diversity and community patterns in healthy and yellowing leaves of Citrus limon (2013, background): “This species has a broad ecological diversity and host range (Freeman et al. 1998; Cannon & Simmons 2002; Rojas et al. 2010; Lima et al. 2011; Weir et al. 2012) and is an anthracnose pathogen of many hosts, including citrus plants (Sonoda & Pelosi 1988; Kuramae-Izioka et al.”
Colletotrichum species associated with chili anthracnose in Australia (2017, background): “Phylogenetic analysis clearly differentiates the three species with morphological data including colony characters, conidial measurements and growth rates were similar or within the range of the type specimens described earlier (Shivas & Tan 2009; Weir et al., 2012).”
Diversity of Colletotrichum Species Associated with Anthracnose Disease in Tropical Fruit Crops—A Review (2021, background): “However, more recent phylogenetic analysis established that these two species belong to two complexes called “acutatum” and “gloeosporioides”, with several other species included within them [12,13].”
Endophytic Colletotrichum species from Bletilla ochracea (Orchidaceae), with descriptions of seven new speices (2013, background): “Recently, a further 52 species have been introduced (Damm et al. 2012a; Damm et al. 2012b; Noireung et al. 2012; Weir et al. 2012; Doyle et al. 2013).”
What is a species in fungal plant pathogens? (2021, background): “Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition (GCPSR) concept a rapid increase in the number of cryptic species can be seen during the past decade (Damm et al. 2012a,b; Weir et al. 2012; Udayanga et al. 2014a,b; Norphanphoun et al. 2020).”
One stop shop: backbones trees for important phytopathogenic genera: I (2014) (2014, background): “Significant changes to the understanding ofColletotrichum species took place with incorporation of these polyphasic approaches, especially the use of multimarker phylogenetic analysis, classification and knowledge of species complexes, as well as epitypifications for many species (Cai et al. 2009; C”
Species of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. boninense complexes associated with olive anthracnose (2014, methodology): “According to Weir et al. (2012), C. theobromicola is genetically heterogeneous and could be segregated into distinct species.”
The Colletotrichum acutatum species complex (2012, background): “Notes: The most prominent species of Colletotrichum associated with Musa species is C. musae, a central species in one of the major clades of the C. gloeosporioides species complex (Weir et al. 2012, this issue).”
Colletotrichum – current status and future directions (2012, background): “2011, Weir et al .”
Endophytic species of Colletotrichum associated with mango in northeastern Brazil (2014, methodology): “This species was reported causing anthracnose in Mangifera indica in Australia, Colombia, Japan, Panama, the Philippines (Weir et al. 2012), and recently in Brazil (Lima et al.”
Colletotrichum species associated with cultivated citrus in China (2013, methodology): “…adoption of these polyphasic protocols for studying the genus Colletotrichum, especially the use of multi-gene phylogenetic analysis, the classification and species concepts in Colletotrichum changed significantly (Cai et al. 2009; Cannon et al. 2012; Damm et al. 2012a, b; Weir et al. 2012).”
Characterisation and pathogenicity of fungal species associated with branch cankers and stem-end rot of avocado in Italy (2016, background): “Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a common species on many hosts worldwide (Weir et al. 2012).”