OpenSim: a musculoskeletal modeling and simulation framework for in silico investigations and exchange

By Ajay Seth, Michael A. Sherman, J. Reinbolt, Scott L. Delp. Procedia IUTAM, 2011

323 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Movement science is driven by observation, but observation alone cannot elucidate principles of human and animal movement. Biomechanical modeling and computer simulation complement observations and inform experimental design. Biological models are complex and specialized software is required for building, validating, and studying them. Furthermore, common access is needed so that investigators can contribute models to a broader community and leverage past work. We are developing OpenSim, a freely available musculoskeletal modeling and simulation application and libraries specialized for these purposes, by providing: musculoskeletal modeling elements, such as biomechanical joints, muscle actuators, ligament forces, compliant contact, and controllers; and tools for fitting generic models to subject-specific data, performing inverse kinematics and forward dynamic simulations. OpenSim performs an array of physics-based analyses to delve into the behavior of musculoskeletal models by employing Simbody, an efficient and accurate multibody system dynamics code. Models are publicly available and are often reused for multiple investigations because they provide a rich set of behaviors that enables different lines of inquiry. This report will discuss one model developed to study walking and applied to gain deeper insights into muscle function in pathological gait and during running. We then illustrate how simulations can test fundamental hypotheses and focus the aims of in vivo experiments, with a postural stability platform and human model that provide a research environment for performing human posture experiments in silico. We encourage wide adoption of OpenSim for community exchange of biomechanical models and methods and welcome new contributors.

Subfields: Biomedical Engineering, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a1e610b209d47ca4c3eb2d566a7d448355eecbeb

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In Biomedical Engineering

In Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation

Citations in the corpus

Optimizing Locomotion Controllers Using Biologically-Based Actuators and Objectives (2012, methodology): “Scaling, IK, and inverse dynamics were performed using the OpenSim software package [7].”
Flexing computational muscle: modeling and simulation of musculotendon dynamics. (2013, methodology): “Another feature of our musculotendon models is that they are implemented in OpenSim [31] [32] [33], an open-source software system for analyzing musculoskeletal dynamics.”
A review of cooperative multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (2019, background): “[209], OpenSim (builds musculoskeletal structures of human) [177], DeepMind Lab (3D navigation and puzzlesolving) [15], ViZDoom (3D Shooting and Navigation”
Is my model good enough? Best practices for verification and validation of musculoskeletal models and simulations of movement. (2015, methodology): “While these studies use the OPENSIM [6] software platform for modeling and simulation, our guidelines are broadly applicable across the NMS modeling and simulation field, regardless of the software used.”