CRISPR-Cas systems for genome editing, regulation and targeting

By Jeffry D. Sander, J. Keith Joung. Nature Biotechnology, 2014

3,002 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Targeted genome editing using engineered nucleases has rapidly gone from being a niche technology to a mainstream method used by many biological researchers. This widespread adoption has been largely fueled by the emergence of the clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) technology, an important new approach for generating RNA-guided nucleases, such as Cas9, with customizable specificities. Genome editing mediated by these nucleases has been used to rapidly, easily and efficiently modify endogenous genes in a wide variety of biomedically important cell types and in organisms that have traditionally been challenging to manipulate genetically. Furthermore, a modified version of the CRISPR-Cas9 system has been developed to recruit heterologous domains that can regulate endogenous gene expression or label specific genomic loci in living cells. Although the genome-wide specificities of CRISPR-Cas9 systems remain to be fully defined, the power of these systems to perform targeted, highly efficient alterations of genome sequence and gene expression will undoubtedly transform biological research and spur the development of novel molecular therapeutics for human disease.

Subfields: Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a0972717ef9a6396042a70462434406bf648d4bc

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Citations in the corpus

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes (2015, background): “Unintended mutation in the genome can greatly hinder the application of CRISPR/Cas9, especially in studies of development and gene therapy (Hsu et al., 2014; Mali et al., 2013b; Sander and Joung, 2014).”
Gene Drives on the Horizon: Advancing Science, Navigating Uncertainty, and Aligning Research with Public Values (2016, methodology): “The deployment of cheaper and more user-friendly tools, such as transcription activator-like effector nucleases and CRISPR/Cas9, have facilitated insertion and deletion genetic engineering in many organisms from a single cell to complex multicellular organisms (Sander and Joung, 2014).”
A Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen in Toxoplasma Identifies Essential Apicomplexan Genes (2016, positive): “This technology has the advantage of being easily reprogrammable by changing the 20 bp of homology between the single guide RNA (sgRNA, or guide) and the genomic target (reviewed in; Sander and Joung, 2014).”
Genome-wide detection of DNA double-stranded breaks induced by engineered nucleases (2014, methodology): “Aligned reads were filtered on the following conditions: (1) reads must include both a bait alignment and a prey alignment and (2) the bait alignment cannot extend more than 10 nucleotides beyond the targeted site.”
CRISPR-assisted editing of bacterial genomes (2013, background): “Abbildung 2: Funktion der dualen-RNA:Cas9 [6] (modifiziert von Nadja Kleisch)”
It is time to bridge the gap between exploring and exploiting: prospects for utilizing intraspecific genetic variation to optimize arthropods for augmentative pest control – a review (2017, background): “The latter may be induced by mutagenesis and transgenesis, whose application in biological control has become more feasible technically with the recent development of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technologies (Sander & Joung, 2014).”
CAR-NK cells: A promising cellular immunotherapy for cancer (2020, background): “[70] CRISPR/Cas9 system can induce permanent modifications at specific sites of the genome utilizing guide RNAs to direct the Cas9 nuclease to a target site, generate a double-stranded break and then insert a new gene through homology-directed recombination.”