The SCUBA half-degree extragalactic survey - II. Submillimetre maps, catalogue and number counts

By K. Coppin, E. Chapin, A. Mortier, S. Scott, C. Borys, J. Dunlop, Mark Halpern, D. Hughes, Adrian Pope, D. Scott and 47 more. 2006

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We present maps, source catalogue and number counts of the largest, most complete and unbiased extragalactic submillimetre survey: the 850-μm SCUBA Half-Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES). Using the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA) on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT), SHADES mapped two separate regions of sky: the Subaru/XMM–Newton Deep Field (SXDF) and the Lockman Hole East (LH). Encompassing 93 per cent of the overall acquired data (i.e. data taken up to 2004 February 1), these SCUBA maps cover 720 arcmin2 with a rms noise level of about 2 mJy and have uncovered >100 submillimetre galaxies. In order to ensure the utmost robustness of the resulting source catalogue, data reduction was independently carried out by four subgroups within the SHADES team, providing an unprecedented degree of reliability with respect to other SCUBA catalogues available from the literature. Individual source lists from the four groups were combined to produce a robust 120-object SHADES catalogue; an invaluable resource for follow-up campaigns aiming to study the properties of a complete and consistent sample of submillimetre galaxies. For the first time, we present deboosted flux densities for each submillimetre galaxy found in a large survey. Extensive simulations and tests were performed separately by each group in order to confirm the robustness of the source candidates and to evaluate the effects of false detections, completeness and flux density boosting. Corrections for these effects were then applied to the data to derive the submillimetre galaxy source counts. SHADES has a high enough number of detected sources that meaningful differential counts can be estimated, unlike most submillimetre surveys which have to consider integral counts. We present differential and integral source number counts and find that the differential counts are better fit with a broken power law or a Schechter function than with a single power law; the SHADES data alone significantly show that a break is required at several mJy, although the precise position of the break is not well constrained. We also find that a 850-μm survey complete down to 2 mJy would resolve 20–30 per cent of the far-infrared background into point sources.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/09475c0c9e85f869d40faa870404440dddccc13e

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Citations in the corpus

Deep multi-frequency radio imaging in the Lockman Hole using the GMRT and VLA (2009, methodology): “In this work, we use the catalogue provided by Coppin et al. (2006), comprising 57 sources detected with a signal-to-noise ratio,SNR > 3.5 in more than one independent reduction of the data.”
Extragalactic optical-infrared background radiation, its time evolution and the cosmic photon-photon opacity (2008, methodology): “At the longest wavelengths, reliable number counts have been obtained from SCUBA observations at 850µm (e.g. Coppin et al. 2006).”
Astrophysical and cosmological information from large-scale submillimetre surveys of extragalactic sources (2007, result): “However, the re-analysis of existing blank-field SCUBA surveys by Scott et al. (2006) and the results of the SCUBA Half-Degree Extragalactic Survey (Coppin et al. 2006) converge in yielding lower counts than previous studies.”
The star formation history of K-selected galaxies (2008, methodology): “As another test of the reliability of the radio as a tracer of star formation, we compared it to the SFR from stacking the sBzK and pBzK samples into the submm map of the SXDF from the SHADES survey (Mortier et al. 2005; Coppin et al. 2006).”
Dusty Star Forming Galaxies at High Redshift (2014, methodology): “This technique was first outlined by Eales et al. (2000), Scott et al. (2002) and Cowie et al. (2002) and used in Borys et al. (2003) for the Scuba HDF survey and in Coppin et al. (2006) for the Scuba SHADES survey.”
Energetic galaxy-wide outflows in high-redshift ultraluminous infrared galaxies hosting AGN activity (2012, background): “This source was first identified as a sub-mm and radio source by Coppin et al. (2006) and Simpson et al. (2006) respectively.”
Characterization of Scuba-2 450 μm and 850 μm selected galaxies in the COSMOS field (2013, methodology): “…in the literature: Barger et al. 1999; Smail et al. 2002; Cowie et al. 2002; Scott et al. 2002; Webb et al. 2003; Borys et al. 2003; Barnard et al. 2004; Coppin et al. 2006; Knudsen et al. 2008; Oliver et al. 2010; Chen et al. 2013) for our sample in three stages and plot the results in Figure 8.”
The Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey: HerMES (2012, background): “…from the ground with Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA) at 850 µm (e.g. Smail, Ivison & Blain 1997; Hughes et al. 1998; Eales et al. 1999; Coppin et al. 2006), Bolocam (e.g. Maloney et al. 2005a), SHARCII (e.g. Khan et al. 2007), Max Planck Millimeter Bolometer (MAMBO; e.g. Greve et…”
The n ature of submillimetre galaxies in cosmological hydrodynamic simulations (2009, background): “Uniform and complete samples of SMGs are now being obtained such as the SCUBA Half-Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES; Coppin et al. 2006) covering 0.5 square degrees to a depth of 2 mJy, and there are other large samples such as that of Chapman et al. (2005).”
Cosmic evolution of submillimeter galaxies and their contribution to stellar mass assembly (2009, background): “Knudsen et al. (2008b) also found that sources brighter than 2.5 mJy (roughly the limit of the survey considered here) contribute ∼ 25% to the to EBL at 850µm (see also Hughes et al., 1998; Barger et al., 1999; Wang et al., 2004; Coppin et al., 2006).”
Mid-Infrared Spectral Diagnosis of Submillimeter Galaxies (2007, unknown): “The surface density of SMGs with S850 > 4 mJy (i.e., LIRk 5 ; 1012 L ; Pope et al. 2006) is 844 deg 2 (Coppin et al. 2006).”
Evidence for a Population of High-Redshift Submillimeter Galaxies from Interferometric Imaging (2007, background): “Astrometry and photometry for all the targets are included in Table 1 and 2 respectively, and postage stamps are shown in Figure 1.”
A survey of molecular gas in luminous sub-millimetre galaxies (2012, methodology): “The initial target selection was drawn from the optical-spectroscopic survey of SMGs by C05, as well as the SCUBA Cluster Lens Survey (Smail et al. 2002) and the SCUBA Half Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES) of the Subaru/XMM–Newton Deep Field (Coppin et al. 2006).”
Modeling the evolution of infrared galaxies: a parametric backward evolution model (2010, methodology): “We do not fit the 850 μm because of the large discrepancies between the Submillimeter Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA) observations (Coppin et al. 2006) and the Large APEX BOlometer CAmera (LABOCA) observations (Weiß et al. 2009).”
AzTEC millimetre survey of the COSMOS field – I. Data reduction and source catalogue (2008, methodology): “We adopt the best-fitting parameters to the SCUBA SHADES number counts (Coppin et al. 2006), scaled to 1.1 mm assuming an 850 μm/1100 μm spectral index of 2.7.”
A deep ALMA image of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (2016, background): “Such objects have now been uncovered in significant numbers through far-IR/mm surveys with the JCMT (e.g. Scott et al. 2002, 2006; Coppin et al. 2006; Austermann et al. 2010; Geach et al. 2013), IRAM (Dannerbauer et al. 2004; Greve et al. 2004; Lindner et al. 2011), APEX (Weiss et al. 2009; Smolcic…”