Differentiation of type 1 ILCs from a common progenitor to all helper-like innate lymphoid cell lineages.

By Christoph S. N. Klose, Melanie Flach, L. Möhle, Leif Rogell, T. Hoyler, Karolina Ebert, Carola Fabiunke, D. Pfeifer, V. Sexl, Diogo Fonseca-Pereira and 7 more. Cell, 2014

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Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently recognized group of lymphocytes that have important functions in protecting epithelial barriers against infections and in maintaining organ homeostasis. ILCs have been categorized into three distinct groups, transcriptional circuitry and effector functions of which strikingly resemble the various T helper cell subsets. Here, we identify a common, Id2-expressing progenitor to all interleukin 7 receptor-expressing, "helper-like" ILC lineages, the CHILP. Interestingly, the CHILP differentiated into ILC2 and ILC3 lineages, but not into conventional natural killer (cNK) cells that have been considered an ILC1 subset. Instead, the CHILP gave rise to a peculiar NKp46(+) IL-7Rα(+) ILC lineage that required T-bet for specification and was distinct of cNK cells or other ILC lineages. Such ILC1s coproduced high levels of IFN-γ and TNF and protected against infections with the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Our data significantly advance our understanding of ILC differentiation and presents evidence for a new ILC lineage that protects barrier surfaces against intracellular infections.

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a0381c0f87cd7303c1bf53511efad5c4660a7f04

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Citations in the corpus

Innate Lymphoid Cells: a new paradigm in immunology (2015, methodology): “Accordingly, NKP and ChILP express variable levels of Id2, whereas CLPs do not express Id2 (16, 26).”
Interleukin-22: immunobiology and pathology (2015, background): “Recent work has revealed additional insight into the ILC developmental hierarchy, with identification of an Id2+α4β7+ precursor of all ILC (but not conventional NK cell) (102); and a PLZF-expressing precursor capable of generating ILC1 and ILC2, and NCR+ but not NCR− ILC3 (109).”
Innate Lymphoid Cells: 10 Years On. (2018, unknown): “LTiPs differentiate into LTis and ILCPs into ILC1, ILC2, or ILC3.”