Tissue residency of innate lymphoid cells in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs

By G. Gasteiger, Xiying Fan, Stanislav Dikiy, Sue Y. Lee, Alexander Y. Rudensky. Science, 2015

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Establishing a longtime residency Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a subset of immune cells that promote barrier immunity in tissues such as the gut and lungs and help to maintain immune homeostasis. Gasteiger et al. investigated how the body maintains its pools of ILCs in such peripheral tissues, as well as in immune tissues such as the lymph nodes and the spleen. In mice surgically joined to share their bloodstreams, unlike lymphocytes, most ILCs did not circulate through the blood. Instead, ILCs resided long term in tissues, even in the face of inflammation or infection. Science, this issue p. 981 Most innate lymphoid cells are locally maintained in tissues and do not circulate through the bloodstream. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) contribute to barrier immunity, tissue homeostasis, and immune regulation at various anatomical sites throughout the body. How ILCs maintain their presence in lymphoid and peripheral tissues thus far has been unclear. We found that in the lymphoid and nonlymphoid organs of adult mice, ILCs are tissue-resident cells that were maintained and expanded locally under physiologic conditions, upon systemic perturbation of immune homeostasis and during acute helminth infection. However, at later time points after infection, cells from hematogenous sources helped to partially replenish the pool of resident ILCs. Thus, ILCs are maintained by self-renewal in broadly different microenvironments and physiological settings. Such an extreme “sedentary” lifestyle is consistent with the proposed roles of ILCs as sentinels and local keepers of tissue function.

Subfields: Immunology, Surgery

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9e9c60386ba0d83fa065f352cfe5601897d86c1b

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