Fog computing: A cloud to the ground support for smart things and machine-to-machine networks

By Ivan Stojmenovic. Australasian Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference, 2014

298 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Cloud services to smart things face latency and intermittent connectivity issues. Fog devices are positioned between cloud and smart devices. Their high speed Internet connection to the cloud, and physical proximity to users, enable real time applications and location based services, and mobility support. Cisco promoted fog computing concept in the areas of smart grid, connected vehicles and wireless sensor and actuator networks. This survey article expands this concept to the decentralized smart building control, recognizes cloudlets as special case of fog computing, and relates it to the software defined networks (SDN) scenarios. Our literature review identifies a handful number of articles. Cooperative data scheduling and adaptive traffic light problems in SDN based vehicular networks, and demand response management in macro station and micro-grid based smart grids are discussed. Security, privacy and trust issues, control information overhead and network control policies do not seem to be studied so far within the fog computing concept.

Subfields: Computer Networks and Communications, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9bff2b15220f1427de154d82d4dd9695cf5503c1

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Citations in the corpus

Security and Privacy in Fog Computing: Challenges (2017, background): “[17], [18], discussed the security and privacy issues.”
An Overview of Service Placement Problem in Fog and Edge Computing (2020, background): “Indeed diﬀerent works have been proposed to discuss the concept and the role of Fog computing [25, 38, 40, 117, 138, 146, 155, 158].”
An Overview on Edge Computing Research (2020, background): “Therefore, cloud computing model has great defects in load, real-time [17]–[19], transmission bandwidth, energy consumption and data security and privacy protection [20].”
A Survey of Fog Computing: Concepts, Applications and Issues (2015, background): “Stojmenovic, et al [44, 45] elaborate previous scenarios and further expand this concept on smart building and software-defined networking (SDN).”
Fog Computing: Platform and Applications (2015, background): “Later, Stojmenovic et al. [8], [9] have emphasised previous scenarios and expanded fog computing on smart building.”
Resource Management in Fog/Edge Computing (2018, background): “• Hardware: Recent studies in fog/edge computing suggest exploiting small-form-factor devices such as network gateways, WiFi Access Points (APs), set-top boxes, small home servers, edge ISP servers, cars, and even drones as compute servers for resource efficiency [164].”
Survey of Fog Computing: Fundamental, Network Applications, and Research Challenges (2018, background): “[42], [47], discussed the application of fog computing to real scenarios, such as smart grid, vehic-”
Resource aware placement of IoT application modules in Fog-Cloud Computing Paradigm (2017, background): “The ongoing work ranges from defining the architecture [4] to assessing its suitability in the context of IoT [5].”
Major requirements for building Smart Homes in Smart Cities based on Internet of Things technologies (2017, unknown): “All these movements have triggered the concept of fog computing [28,29] that basically defines a new set of devices, called Fog devices, between the device and the cloud, that can absorb partially the load that would be otherwise delivered to the cloud leveraging resources that would be misused and ”
Optimal Workload Allocation in Fog-Cloud Computing Toward Balanced Delay and Power Consumption (2016, background): “Stojmenovic and Wen [27] and Stojmenovic [28] reviewed a handful of literatures that expand the applications of fog computing to a series of real scenarios, such as smart grid, vehicular networks, cyber-physical systems, etc. Security and privacy issues are further disclosed according to current…”
The Internet of Things, Fog and Cloud Continuum: Integration and Challenges (2018, background): “It is common to designate the aforementioned hierarchy of computing capacity as fog nodes [18], cloudlets [19] or micro data centers [20, 21].”
How Can Edge Computing Benefit From Software-Defined Networking: A Survey, Use Cases, and Future Directions (2017, background): “It is possible to measure the distance and speed of the vehicles in the range of smart traffic lights [113].”
Mobile Edge Computing, Fog et al.: A Survey and Analysis of Security Threats and Challenges (2016, background): “cyber-physical systems [24], novel content delivery and caching approaches under the context of”
A Comprehensive Survey on Fog Computing: State-of-the-Art and Research Challenges (2017, background): “Well-known examples include connected vehicles [4], ﬁre detection and ﬁreﬁghting [5], smart grid [4], and content delivery [6].”
A Survey on Software-Defined Wireless Sensor Networks: Challenges and Design Requirements (2017, background): “…below provides a state of measure regarding the extent of SDN applications: SDN in traditional networks [12]–[16], [128], SDN in wireless networks [15], [18], [34], SDN in cloud computing [20]–[22], SDN in Fog computing [23], [24], SDN in mobile cloud computing [25], [26], SDN in IoT [22], [27].”
From Cloud to Fog Computing: A Review and a Conceptual Live VM Migration Framework (2017, methodology): “Stojmenovic and Wen [36] identified authentication at different levels of the gateways as the main security issue in fog computing.”
Internet of Things: Architectures, Protocols, and Applications (2017, background): “This concept is known as fog computing [11, 45] (also see Section 2.”