A Comprehensive Survey on Fog Computing: State-of-the-Art and Research Challenges

By Carla Mouradian, Diala Naboulsi, Sami Yangui, Roch H. Glitho, Monique J. Morrow, Paul A. Polakos. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 2017

914 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Cloud computing with its three key facets (i.e., Infrastructure-as-a-Service, Platform-as-a-Service, and Software-as-a-Service) and its inherent advantages (e.g., elasticity and scalability) still faces several challenges. The distance between the cloud and the end devices might be an issue for latency-sensitive applications such as disaster management and content delivery applications. Service level agreements (SLAs) may also impose processing at locations where the cloud provider does not have data centers. Fog computing is a novel paradigm to address such issues. It enables provisioning resources and services outside the cloud, at the edge of the network, closer to end devices, or eventually, at locations stipulated by SLAs. Fog computing is not a substitute for cloud computing but a powerful complement. It enables processing at the edge while still offering the possibility to interact with the cloud. This paper presents a comprehensive survey on fog computing. It critically reviews the state of the art in the light of a concise set of evaluation criteria. We cover both the architectures and the algorithms that make fog systems. Challenges and research directions are also introduced. In addition, the lessons learned are reviewed and the prospects are discussed in terms of the key role fog is likely to play in emerging technologies such as tactile Internet.

Subfields: Computer Networks and Communications, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ccde6c760c2c1c51b94b783609ca7bc09a60e8c9

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Citations in the corpus

An Overview of Service Placement Problem in Fog and Edge Computing (2020, background): “In [105], Mouradian et al. present a detailed review on Fog architectures and algorithms and illustrate two application domains namely IoT and Content Delivery Networks (CDN).”
An Overview on Edge Computing Research (2020, background): “Edge computing has become a research hotspot nowadays [10]–[14].”
Decentralized Privacy Using Blockchain-Enabled Federated Learning in Fog Computing (2020, background): “F OG COMPUTING, which works as a synthesis of cloud computing and edge computing, is fast booming due to its proﬁciency in various aspects, such as reducing the latency and congestion of network while enabling autonomous systems [1].”
Edge Computing in Industrial Internet of Things: Architecture, Advances and Challenges (2020, background): “…researchers believe that the reference architecture for fog computing can be divided into three layers, which can be named the equipment layer, fog layer, and cloud layer; IoT layer, fog computing layer, and cloud computing layer [27]; or things/end-devices layer, fog layer, and cloud layer [25].”
Anatomy of Threats to the Internet of Things (2019, background): “provisioning [102], however, as it is deployed by different fog service providers that may not be entirely trusted the devices are vulnerable to be compromised.”
Survey of Fog Computing: Fundamental, Network Applications, and Research Challenges (2018, background): “Moreover, cloudlets use only VM for virtualization, however, both fog and MEC can use other technologies other than VMs for virtualization [32].”
Fog Computing and the Internet of Things: A Review (2018, background): “For instance, it cannot support IoT time-sensitive applications such as video streaming, gaming and augmented reality [27].”
A Survey on End-Edge-Cloud Orchestrated Network Computing Paradigms (2019, background): “MEC is initiated by the European Telecommunication Standards Institute to enable cloud computing services in proximity of the mobile subscribers [9, 27, 96].”
A Survey of Multi-Access Edge Computing in 5G and Beyond: Fundamentals, Technology Integration, and State-of-the-Art (2019, neutral): “Since VM provisioning is used in cloudlets, cloudlets can operate in the standalone mode without the intervention of the cloud [11], [12].”
Dynamic Task Offloading and Resource Allocation for Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Edge Computing (2018, background): “nted/virtual reality (AR/VR) and drones), mobile edge computing (MEC)/fog computing are emerging technologies that distribute computations, communication, control, and storage at the network edge [2]–[6]. When executing the computation-intensive applications at mobile devices, the performance and us”
Convergence of Edge Computing and Deep Learning: A Comprehensive Survey (2019, background): “More detailed information can be found in [8], [22], [23].”
Fog Computing: Survey of Trends, Architectures, Requirements, and Research Directions (2018, methodology): “Several reviews [7]–[13] have been done on Fog computing.”
All One Needs to Know about Fog Computing and Related Edge Computing Paradigms: A Complete Survey (2018, background): “[8] ✓ Paper Q oS Co st En er gy Ba nd w id th”
Resource Management Approaches in Fog Computing: a Comprehensive Review (2019, background): “& Many papers [12, 18 – 21] did not study the entire topics of the resource management scope in fog computing.”