IMPROVED DARK ENERGY CONSTRAINTS FROM ∼100 NEW CfA SUPERNOVA TYPE Ia LIGHT CURVES

By M. Hicken, W. M. Wood-Vasey, S. Blondin, P. Challis, S. Jha, Patrick L. Kelly, Armin Rest, R. Kirshner. 2009

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We combine the CfA3 supernovae Type Ia (SN Ia) sample with samples from the literature to calculate improved constraints on the dark energy equation of state parameter, w. The CfA3 sample is added to the Union set of Kowalski et al. to form the Constitution set and, combined with a BAO prior, produces 1 + w = 0.013+0.066−0.068 (0.11 syst), consistent with the cosmological constant. The CfA3 addition makes the cosmologically useful sample of nearby SN Ia between 2.6 and 2.9 times larger than before, reducing the statistical uncertainty to the point where systematics play the largest role. We use four light-curve fitters to test for systematic differences: SALT, SALT2, MLCS2k2 (RV = 3.1), and MLCS2k2 (RV = 1.7). SALT produces high-redshift Hubble residuals with systematic trends versus color and larger scatter than MLCS2k2. MLCS2k2 overestimates the intrinsic luminosity of SN Ia with 0.7 < Δ < 1.2. MLCS2k2 with RV = 3.1 overestimates host-galaxy extinction while RV ≈ 1.7 does not. Our investigation is consistent with no Hubble bubble. We also find that, after light-curve correction, SN Ia in Scd/Sd/Irr hosts are intrinsically fainter than those in E/S0 hosts by 2σ, suggesting that they may come from different populations. We also find that SN Ia in Scd/Sd/Irr hosts have low scatter (0.1 mag) and reddening. Current systematic errors can be reduced by improving SN Ia photometric accuracy, by including the CfA3 sample to retrain light-curve fitters, by combining optical SN Ia photometry with near-infrared photometry to understand host-galaxy extinction, and by determining if different environments give rise to different intrinsic SN Ia luminosity after correction for light-curve shape and color.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9aa915215834fe3925db1d7fb04aae5cfb0d8585

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THE ATACAMA COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE: SUNYAEV–ZEL'DOVICH-SELECTED GALAXY CLUSTERS AT 148 GHz IN THE 2008 SURVEY (2010, background): “…clusters provides powerful constraints on cosmological parameters, complementary to those obtained from different measurements, such as the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (e.g., Komatsu et al. 2010) or luminosity distances of Type Ia supernovae (e.g., Hicken et al. 2009).”
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First Cosmology Results using Type Ia Supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: Constraints on Cosmological Parameters (2018, methodology): “We supplement the DES-SN sample with a low-redshift (z < 0.1) sample, which we call the low-z subset, comprising 122 SNe from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics surveys (CfA3, CfA4; Hicken et al. 2009b, 2012b) and the Carnegie Supernova Project (CSP; Contreras et al. 2010; Stritzinger e”
THE CARNEGIE SUPERNOVA PROJECT: LIGHT-CURVE FITTING WITH SNooPy (2010, background): “This has led several authors to simply combine the two effects into one generalized color term and marginalize over it when solving for the cosmological parameters (Astier et al. 2006; Hicken et al. 2009).”
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The delay-time distribution of Type Ia supernovae from Sloan II (2012, methodology): “A correlation has been known for some time (e.g. Hicken et al. 2009; Neill et al. 2009; Hamuy et al. 2000) between the age of a SN Ia host and the SN luminosity (or, equivalently, its light curve’s ‘stretch parameter’, s, or the mass of radioactive Ni synthesized).”
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Four new observational H(z) data from luminous red galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data release seven (2012, background): “…(BAO) peaks (Eisenstein et al., 2005; Percival et al., 2010), measurements of ‘standard candles’ such as the redshift-distance relationship of type Ia supernovae (SNIa) (SNIa; Riess et al., 1998; Hicken et al., 2009) and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) (GRBs; Ghirlanda et al., 2004; Li et al., 2008) .”
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Time delay cosmography (2016, background): “When this figure was made, the available precision from just these two lenses was about the same as that from SDSS DR7 baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO Percival et al. 2010) or the “Constitution” set of Type Ia supernovae (Hicken et al. 2009).”