The Observed Growth of Massive Galaxy Clusters I: Statistical Methods and Cosmological Constraints

By A. Mantz, S. Allen, David Rapetti, H. Ebeling. 2009

325 citations recorded by the source corpus.

This is the first of a series of papers in which we derive simultaneous constraints on cosmological parameters and X-ray scaling relations using observations of the growth of massive, X-ray flux-selected galaxy clusters. Our data set consists of 238 cluster detections from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey, and incorporates follow-up observations of 94 of those clusters using the Chandra X-ray Observatory or ROSAT. Here we describe and implement a new statistical framework required to self-consistently produce simultaneous constraints on cosmology and scaling relations from such data, and present results on models of dark energy. In spatially flat models with a constant dark energy equation of state, w, the cluster data yield Ω m = 0.23 ± 0.04, σ 8 = 0.82 ± 0.05 and w = - 1.01 ± 0.20, incorporating standard priors on the Hubble parameter and mean baryon density of the Universe, and marginalizing over conservative allowances for systematic uncertainties. These constraints agree well and are competitive with independent data in the form of cosmic microwave background anisotropies, type Ia supernovae, cluster gas mass fractions, baryon acoustic oscillations, galaxy redshift surveys and cosmic shear. The combination of our data with current microwave background, supernova, gas mass fraction and baryon acoustic oscillation data yields Ω m , = 0.27 ± 0.02, σ 8 = 0.79 ± 0.03 and w = -0.96 ± 0.06 for flat, constant w models. The combined data also allow us to investigate evolving w models. Marginalizing over transition redshifts in the range 0.05-1, we constrain the equation of state at late and early times to be respectively w 0 = -0.88 ± 0.21 and w et = -1.05 +0.20 -0.36 , again including conservative systematic allowances. The combined data provide constraints equivalent to a Dark Energy Task Force figure of merit of 15.5. Our results highlight the power of X-ray studies, which enable the straightforward production of large, complete and pure cluster samples and admit tight scaling relations, to constrain cosmology. However, the new statistical framework we apply to this task is equally applicable to cluster studies at other wavelengths.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e04991e3d7826cbdc755478c07bb634e836cfafe

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Astronomy and Astrophysics

Citations in the corpus

Galaxy formation theory (2010, background): “…2005; Tegmark et al. 2006; Percival et al. 2007a,b), the Type Ia supernovae magnitude–redshift relation (Kowalski et al. 2008) and galaxy clusters (Mantz et al., 2009; Vikhlinin et al., 2009; Rozo et al., 2010), have now placed strong constraints on theparameters of the cold dark matter…”
Weighing the Giants - I. Weak-lensing masses for 51 massive galaxy clusters: project overview, data analysis methods and cluster images (2012, methodology): “…of the evolution of the cluster number density have provided some of the most precise and robust constraints on dark energy (Vikhlinin et al. 2009b; Mantz et al. 2010a), as well as departures from General Relativity on cosmological scales (Rapetti et al. 2010, 2013; Schmidt et al. 2009), and the…”
COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS FROM GALAXY CLUSTERS IN THE 2500 SQUARE-DEGREE SPT-SZ SURVEY (2016, methodology): “…parameters from cluster abundance measurements have advanced significantly using cluster samples selected at X-ray (e.g., Vikhlinin et al. 2009b; Mantz et al. 2010, 2015), optical (e.g., Rozo et al. 2010), and millimeter (e.g., Reichardt et al. 2013; Planck Collaboration et al. 2014b;…”
CFHTLenS: combined probe cosmological model comparison using 2D weak gravitational lensing (2012, methodology): “When adding CMB (WMAP5), SNIa, BAO and the cluster gas fraction to the cluster mass function, Mantz et al. (2010) get m = 0.27 ± 0.02.”
Weighing the Giants – III. Methods and measurements of accurate galaxy cluster weak-lensing masses (2012, methodology): “Therefore, we accept galaxies within a projected range 750kpc< r < 3Mpc, which is approximately c© 2010 RAS, MNRAS000, 1–25 equivalent to the X-ray measured 0.5r500 < r < 2.0r500 for these massive clusters (Mantz et al. 2010b).”
Cluster Cosmology Constraints from the 2500 deg2 SPT-SZ Survey: Inclusion of Weak Gravitational Lensing Data from Magellan and the Hubble Space Telescope (2018, background): “8, comparisons with cluster samples selected through optical and X-ray methods have shown that the cluster populations can be described by powerlaw observable–mass scaling relations with lognormal intrinsic scatter (Vikhlinin et al. 2009a; Mantz et al. 2010a, 2016; Saro et al. 2015, 2017).”
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Sunyaev-Zel'dovich selected galaxy clusters at 148 GHz from three seasons of data (2013, methodology): “The combined X-ray, fgas, Supernovae, BAO, and CMB results of Mantz et al. (2010b) produce σ8 = 0.80± 0.02 (0.79±0.03) and Ωm = 0.257±0.015 (0.272±0.016) in ΛCDM (wCDM); these results are marginally consistent with but lower than the results of our analysis.”
Neutrino Mass from Cosmology (2012, methodology): “29) – WMAP5+BAO+SNIa+Clus-ROSAT [70] 0.”
X-ray–optical classification of cluster mergers and the evolution of the cluster merger fraction (2011, methodology): “The resulting negative evolution with look-back time of, for example, the cluster mass function has long been rec- E-mail: amann@ifa.hawaii.edu ognized as a powerful tool to constrain cosmological parameters (e.g. Eke et al. 1998; Borgani et al. 2001; Vikhlinin et al. 2003; Mantz et al. 2008, 2010).”
THE ATACAMA COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE: COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS FROM THE 2008 POWER SPECTRUM (2010, background): “…recent astronomical data including Type Ia supernova (Hicken et al. 2009; Kessler et al. 2009), galaxy cluster measurements (Vikhlinin et al. 2009; Mantz et al. 2010b; Rozo et al. 2010) and gravitational lensing observations (Massey et al. 2007; Fu et al. 2008; Schrabback et al. 2010; Suyu et al.…”
The 6dF Galaxy Survey: z \approx 0 measurement of the growth rate and sigma_8 (2012, methodology): “…the 6dFGS Ωm−σ8 probability distribution to measurements from several other datasets: The CFHT wide synoptic Legacy Survey (CFHTLS) (Fu et al. 2008), the SFI++ peculiar velocity survey (Nusser & Davis 2011), cluster abundance from X-ray surveys (Mantz et al. 2010) and WMAP7 (Komatsu et al. 2011).”
The Canadian Cluster Comparison Project: detailed study of systematics and updated weak lensing masses (2015, background): “…constrain cosmological parameters, such as the mean density m and the normalization of the matter power spectrum σ 8 (e.g. Bahcall & Fan 1998; Henry 2000; Reiprich & Böhringer 2002; Henry et al. 2009), or the dark energy equation-of-state w (e.g. Vikhlinin et al. 2009; Mantz et al. 2010, 2015).”
Weighing the giants – IV. Cosmology and neutrino mass (2014, methodology): “The project involves 51 massive clusters that have previously been used in cosmological studies (Allen et al. 2008; Mantz et al. 2010a,b, hereafter M10a,b).”
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: cosmological parameters from three seasons of data (2013, unknown): “…Type Ia supernovae (e.g., Hicken et al. 2009; Kessler et al. 2009; Conley et al. 2011), galaxy cluster measurements (e.g., Vikhlinin et al. 2009; Mantz et al. 2010; Rozo et al. 2010; Tinker et al. 2012) and observations of gravitational lensing (e.g., Massey et al. 2007; Fu et al. 2008;…”
GALAXY CLUSTERS DISCOVERED VIA THE SUNYAEV–ZEL'DOVICH EFFECT IN THE 2500-SQUARE-DEGREE SPT-SZ SURVEY (2014, background): “…systems currently limits the size of X-ray samples; however, the tight correlation between ICM observables and the underlying cluster mass enables even modest samples of X-ray-selected systems to place competitive constraints on cosmological models (e.g., Vikhlinin et al. 2009; Mantz et al. 2010).”
EMU: Evolutionary Map of the Universe (2011, background): “…of flat geometry (Otot¼ 1) from cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements and low mass density Omass, 0.3) from large-scale structure measurements (Cole et al. 2005; Eisenstein et al. 2005), and from galaxy cluster measurements (Vikhlinin et al. 2009; Mantz et al. 2010; Allen et al. 2008).”
THE REDMAPPER GALAXY CLUSTER CATALOG FROM DES SCIENCE VERIFICATION DATA (2016, background): “…are the largest bound objects in the Universe, and are uniquely powerful cosmological probes (e.g., Henry et al. 2009; Vikhlinin et al. 2009; Mantz et al. 2010; Rozo et al. 2010; Clerc et al. 2012; Benson et al. 2013; Hasselfield et al. 2013; Planck Collaboration et al. 2014) (see also…”