Hypothalamic-pituitary-gut axis dysregulation in irritable bowel syndrome: plasma cytokines as a potential biomarker?

By Ted G. Dinan, E. Quigley, S. Ahmed, P. Scully, S. O'Brien, L. O’Mahony, S. O'Mahony, F. Shanahan, P. Keeling. Gastroenterology, 2006

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Microbiota in health and diseases (2022, background): “In human, it has been reported that bowel syndrome patients (with gut microbiota changes) tend to have exaggerated adrenocorticotrophic hormone response to corticotrophin releasing factor infusion.(78) Despite there have been numerous of studies on the bidirectional pathways between the gut-microbio”
Brain–Gut–Microbe Communication in Health and Disease (2011, background): “, and Rice, L. B. (2003). Use of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis for analysis of the stool microbiota of hospitalized patients.”
The Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis in Health and Disease. (2017, background): “It is increasingly clear and probably of relevance in a number of pathological conditions that psychological or physical stress can significantly dysregulate the HPA and subsequently the brain-gut-microbiota axis, for example in IBS 21 .”
Pathogenesis of IBS: role of inflammation, immunity and neuroimmune interactions (2010, background): “Some studies have shown that patients with IBS have increased plasma levels of interleukins 6 and 8 (IL-6 and IL-8)”