The global obesity pandemic: shaped by global drivers and local environments.

By B. Swinburn, G. Sacks, Kevin D. Hall, K. McPherson, D. Finegood, M. Moodie, S. Gortmaker. The Lancet, 2011

4,534 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The simultaneous increases in obesity in almost all countries seem to be driven mainly by changes in the global food system, which is producing more processed, affordable, and effectively marketed food than ever before. This passive overconsumption of energy leading to obesity is a predictable outcome of market economies predicated on consumption-based growth. The global food system drivers interact with local environmental factors to create a wide variation in obesity prevalence between populations. Within populations, the interactions between environmental and individual factors, including genetic makeup, explain variability in body size between individuals. However, even with this individual variation, the epidemic has predictable patterns in subpopulations. In low-income countries, obesity mostly affects middle-aged adults (especially women) from wealthy, urban environments; whereas in high-income countries it affects both sexes and all ages, but is disproportionately greater in disadvantaged groups. Unlike other major causes of preventable death and disability, such as tobacco use, injuries, and infectious diseases, there are no exemplar populations in which the obesity epidemic has been reversed by public health measures. This absence increases the urgency for evidence-creating policy action, with a priority on reduction of the supply-side drivers.

Subfields: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/976a65621f6a470fb6dd7ed6f1d65069058308ec

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management

1. T. Garnett
2. B. Caballero

In Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

1. M. Carroll
2. K. Flegal
3. Cynthia L Ogden
4. B. Kit
5. Rebecca Kanter
6. Daniel Vennard
7. L. Moran
8. M. Davies

Citations in the corpus

• Concepts and critical perspectives for food environment research: A global framework with implications for action in low- and middle-income countries (2018, background): “…drivers of diets and health with personal level dimensions (Penney et al., 2014); there is increasing advocacy within obesity-driven research to do the opposite, namely to supplement individual-level strategies with structural built and food environment interventions (Swinburn et al., 2011).”
• The short-chain fatty acid acetate reduces appetite via a central homeostatic mechanism (2014, methodology): “Percentage injected dose (% ID per g) was calculated by using the following Equations (1) and (2), where; l1⁄4 0.”
• Time-restricted feeding is a preventative and therapeutic intervention against diverse nutritional challenges (2014, background): “The incidence of obesity is on the increase and, although the driving causes are multifactorial, nutritional imbalance is a major contributor (Pontzer et al., 2012; Swinburn et al., 2011).”
• Behavioural Insights and (Un)healthy Dietary Choices: a Review of Current Evidence (2018, background): “2016; Hill and Peters 1998; Lucan and DiNicolantonio 2015; Lusk and Ellison 2013; Swinburn et al. 2011; Young and Nestle 2002).”
• Changes in the Global Burden of Chronic Liver Diseases From 2012 to 2017: The Growing Impact of NAFLD (2020, background): “(8) Furthermore, ALD continues to plague a number of regions of the world.(9,10) These conditions have already caused a shift in the prevalence of cirrhosis and LC in different regions of the world.”
• Shifting Diets for a Sustainable Food Future (2016, methodology): “Finfish and shrimp: WRI analysis based on USDA (2013), NRC (2011), Tacon and Metian (2008), Wirsenius (2000), and FAO (1989).”