Inoculation of root microorganisms for sustainable wheat–rice and wheat–black gram rotations in India

By P. Mäder, F. Kaiser, A. Adholeya, Reena Singh, H. S. Uppal, A. Sharma, R. Srivastava, V. Sahai, M. Aragno, A. Wiemken and 2 more. 2011

239 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract The scarcity of non-renewable resources such as soils and fertilizers and the consequences of climate change can dramatically influence the food security of future generations. Mutualistic root microorganisms such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve plant fitness. We tested the growth response of wheat ( Triticum aestivum [L.]), rice ( Oriza sativa [L.]) and black gram ( Vigna mungo [L.], Hepper) to an inoculation of AMF and PGPR alone or in combination over two years at seven locations in a region extending from the Himalayan foothills to the Indo-Gangetic plain. The AMF applied consisted of a consortium of different strains, the PGPR of two fluorescent Pseudomonas strains ( Pseudomonas jessenii , R62; Pseudomonas synxantha , R81), derived from wheat rhizosphere from one test region. We found that dual inoculation of wheat with PGPR and AMF increased grain yield by 41% as compared to un-inoculated controls. Yield responses to the inoculants were highest at locations with previously low yields. AMF or PGPR alone augmented wheat grain yield by 29% and 31%, respectively. The bio-inoculants were effective both at Zero and at farmers’ practice fertilization level (70 kg N ha −1 , 11 kg P ha −1 in mineral form to wheat crop). Also raw protein (nitrogen × 5.7) and mineral nutrient concentration of wheat grains (phosphorus, potassium, copper, iron, zinc, manganese) were higher after inoculation (+6% to +53%). Phosphorus use efficiency of wheat grains [kg P grain kg −1  P fertilizer] was increased by 95%. AMF and PGPR application also improved soil quality as indicated by increased soil enzyme activities of alkaline and acid phosphatase, urease and dehydrogenase. Effects on rice and black gram yields were far less pronounced over two cropping seasons, suggesting that AMF and PGPR isolated from the target crop were more efficient. We conclude that mutualistic root microorganisms have a high potential for contributing to food security and for improving nutrition status in southern countries, while safeguarding natural resources such as P stocks.

Subfields: Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/90ec93124b842d98a0919d6a3e9eed175855fc44

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In Plant Science

1. Y. Bashan
2. L. de-Bashan
3. Juan-Pablo Hernández
4. Sally E. Smith
5. R. Prasanna
6. Y. Shivay
7. L. Nain
8. Anuj Rana

Citations in the corpus

• Prospecting plant growth promoting bacteria and cyanobacteria as options for enrichment of macro- and micronutrients in grains in rice–wheat cropping sequence (2015, background): “However, microbe-mediated biofortification has not been adopted as a strategy, except for a few scattered reports (Adak et al., in press; Mäder et al., 2011; Prasanna et al., 2015; Prasanna, Joshi, Rana, Shivay, & Nain, 2012; Rana, Joshi, Prasanna, Shivay, & Nain, 2012; Rana, Saharan, Nain, Prasanna”
• What is the significance of the arbuscular mycorrhizal colonisation of many economically important crop plants? (2011, background): “For example, Mader et al. (2010) obtained significant increases in yield of wheat over 2 years at several sites (5×5 m plots) in India after applying AM fungal inoculum combined with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria.”
• Pseudomonas-aided zinc application improves the productivity and biofortification of bread wheat (2018, background): “Inoculation of MN12 in combination with soil and foliar Zn fertiliser further enhanced Zn deposition in the whole grain and seed fractions of wheat, possibly through the solubilisation of complexed Zn in the soil (Mäder et al. 2011; Shaikh and Saraf 2017).”
• Physiological and biochemical changes in tomato cultivar PT-3 with dual inoculation of mycorrhiza and PGPR against root-knot nematode (2016, background): “…jessenii strain R62 and Pseudomonas synxantha strain R81 increase phosphate solubilization and production of indole-3-acetic acid, siderophores and 2,4-diacetyl phloroglucinol (DAPG), which makes them potential PGPR (Gaur et al. 2004; Roesti et al. 2006; Sarma et al. 2009; Mader et al. 2011).”
• Plant growth promotion in cereal and leguminous agricultural important plants: from microorganism capacities to crop production. (2014, background): “Mäder et al. (2011) Providencia sp. 2 strains of Anabaena sp. Calothrix sp. (consortia experiment) Biofertilization Growth chamber, greenhouse and field Enhancement 18.6% protein content Rana et al. (2012) Soybean S. proteamaculans 1-102 B. japonicum 532C (Consortia experiments) Biofertilization…”
• Advances in plant growth-promoting bacterial inoculant technology: formulations and practical perspectives (1998–2013) (2014, background): “…Sekar and Karmegam 2010 Charcoal CMC and Gum acacia; Pseudomonas jessenii; P. Synxantha and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi black gram; rice, wheat Mäder et al. 2011 Residues of Azolla FeSO4 Azolla Cucumber Plessner et al. 1998 Sawdust Composted by inoculation with Cephalosporium sp. and…”
• Harnessing Soil Microbes to Improve Plant Phosphate Efficiency in Cropping Systems (2019, unknown): “a lower responsiveness to AM fungi than other crop species [74,81,82].”
• Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms associated with the rhizosphere of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in Colombia (2014, background): “The increase of the efficient absorption of nutrients when using SM alone or in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal formng fungi has been reported to stimulate plant growth (Artursson t al., 2006; Mäder et al., 2011).”
• Enhancing micronutrient uptake and yield of wheat through bacterial PGPR consortia (2012, background): “The role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in enhancing plant biometric parameters/yields and biological control of soil-borne pathogens has been intensively investigated by several workers (Sturz et al. 2000; Mader et al. 2011; Piromyou et al. 2011).”