Relative and Absolute Scarcity of Nature: Assessing the Roles of Economics and Ecology for Biodiversity Conservation

By Stefan Baumgärtner, Christian U. Becker, M. Faber, R. Manstetten. 2006

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Cost-benefit analysis in the context of ecosystem services for human well-being: A multidisciplinary critique (2011, background): “As generally conceived by neoclassical economics, the value that people attach to an object is ‘marginal’ and ‘relative’, that is, determined by the value of the last unit used and by its scarcity compared to other substitutable commodities or income (see e.g. Baumgärtner et al., 2006).”
Payments for agrobiodiversity conservation services for sustained on-farm utilization of plant and animal genetic resources (2011, background): “This is because these two different types of indices are based on different notions of scarcity: absolute versus relative scarcity (Baumgärtner et al., 2006).”
Ecological-Economic Viability as a Criterion of Strong Sustainability under Uncertainty (2009, background): “9In economics, such stocks are traditionally called capital, or, more exactly, capital goods (Baumgärtner et al. 2006b: Chap.”