On dynamics and voltage control of the Modular Multilevel Converter

By Antonios Antonopoulos, Lennart Angquist, Hans-Peter Nee. EPE, 2009

818 citations recorded by the source corpus.

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/86bd219673370ac57df644df16550f548299e798

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Citations in the corpus

• Model Predictive Control With a Reduced Number of Considered States in a Modular Multilevel Converter for HVDC System (2015, background): “2, the voltage equation of the MMC is given by (1) [1], [2], [4].”
• Modular Multilevel Converter Models for Electromagnetic Transients (2014, methodology): “Moreover, the energy transferred from ac and dc sides into each arm of the MMC is taken into account, which is useful for control system strategies based on internal MMC energy balance [20], [21].”
• Parameter design principle of the arm inductor in modular multilevel converter based HVDC (2010, background): “ipj and inj are the corresponding arm currents, which can be expressed as [ 11 ]:”
• Experimental Comparison of Model Predictive Control and Cascaded Control of the Modular Multilevel Converter (2015, background): “To achieve high dynamics and stable operation of the converter, a controller has to consider the inner dynamics of the MMC [7], [8].”
• High-Power Modular Multilevel Converters With SiC JFETs (2010, background): “The M2C converter was proposed by Marquardt and Lesnicar in 2003 [17], while several other research groups have investigated a variety of different aspects dealing with this converter [3], [18]-[20].”
• Modeling and Control of a Modular Multilevel Converter-Based HVDC System Under Unbalanced Grid Conditions (2012, background): “A new MMC model is proposed in [19], in which the impact of six arm reactors on power exchange is taken into account.”
• Characteristic Investigation and Control of a Modular Multilevel Converter-Based HVDC System Under Single-Line-to-Ground Fault Conditions (2015, background): “3 illustrates the single-phase equivalent circuit of an MMC [26], where ej and ij represent the phase voltage and line current of phase j, respectively, upj and unj are the voltages produced by the SMs in the upper and lower arm, respectively; ipj and inj denote the corresponding arm currents, and i”
• Analysis and Control of Modular Multilevel Converters Under Unbalanced Conditions (2013, background): “By replacing (6) into (1) and (2), it is noted that in (6) has no influence on the ac loop, but the dc loop will be affected significantly, which makes it possible that can be used to improve the internal performance of MMCs, such as [10] and [12].”
• A Generalized Power Control Approach in ABC Frame for Modular Multilevel Converter HVDC Links Based on Mathematical Optimization (2014, methodology): “The dynamics of the sum and difference of the capacitive energy between the upper and lower group of submodules (or multivalves) are written by the following equations [10]:”
• (2N+1) Selective Harmonic Elimination-PWM for Modular Multilevel Converters: A Generalized Formulation and A Circulating Current Control Method (2018, methodology): “Moreover, lower total harmonic distortion (THD) is obtained due to the multilevel characteristic, which allows the converters to follow the reference signal more accurately and with lower dV/dt, facilitating the use of smaller harmonic filters and reducing the insulation requirements [4]–[6].”
• An Inner Current Suppressing Method for Modular Multilevel Converters (2012, methodology): “, the carrier-phase-shifted PWM (CPSPWM) method in [10] and [11] and the submodule (SM)-unified pulsewidth-modulated (SUPWM) method in [12]–[15] (some others call it as “direct modulation” in [18] and [19]).”
• Circulating Current Suppressing Strategy for MMC-HVDC Based on Nonideal Proportional Resonant Controllers Under Unbalanced Grid Conditions (2015, background): “The characteristics of MMC can be expressed as follows [13]:”
• Dynamic Averaged and Simplified Models for MMC-Based HVDC Transmission Systems (2013, unknown): “harmonic circulating currents of each phase [27].”
• Steady-State Analysis of Interaction Between Harmonic Components of Arm and Line Quantities of Modular Multilevel Converters (2012, background): “However, the harmonic components can be influenced significantly by appropriate modifications of the control signals [15], and various control methods have therefore been suggested [13], [15]–[18].”