Spillover of functionally important organisms between managed and natural habitats

By E. J. Blitzer, Carsten F. Dormann, A. Holzschuh, Alexandra-Maria Klein, T. Rand, T. Tscharntke. 2012

548 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract Land-use intensification has led to a landscape mosaic that juxtaposes human-managed and natural areas. In such human-dominated and heterogeneous landscapes, spillover across habitat types, especially in systems that differ in resource availability, may be an important ecological process structuring communities. While there is much evidence for spillover from natural habitats to managed areas, little attention has been given to flow in the opposite direction. This paper synthesizes studies published to date from five functionally important trophic groups, herbivores, pathogens, pollinators, predators, and seed dispersers, and discusses evidence for spillover from managed to natural systems in all five groups. For each of the five focal groups, studies in the natural to managed direction are common, often with multiple review articles on each subject which document dozens of examples. In contrast, the number of studies which examine movement in the managed to natural direction is generally less than five studies per trophic group. These findings suggest that spillover in the managed to natural direction has been largely underestimated. As habitat modification continues, resulting in increasingly fragmented landscapes, the likelihood and size of any spillover effect will only increase.

Subfields: Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/837d7684759d5cecd7337b0eb899330a139c1929

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In Ecology

In Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

In Nature and Landscape Conservation

Citations in the corpus

Organic versus conventional systems in viticulture: Comparative effects on spiders and carabids in vineyards and adjacent forests (2015, background): “, 2005), but much less consideration has been devoted to evaluating the effects of farming systems on the communities of the surrounding habitats and the spillover in the managed to natural direction (Blitzer et al., 2012).”
Optimizing agri-environment schemes for biodiversity, ecosystem services or both? (2014, background): “Natural enemies of pests track resources and may move from semi-natural habitats, or created AES habitats such as beetle banks, into neighbouring agricultural fields (Blitzer et al., 2012; Rand et al., 2006).”
Impacts of honeybee density on crop yield: A meta‐analysis (2019, background): “…fields and non- cropped habitats (Odoux et al., 2012; Requier et al., 2015; Rollin et al., 2013) and need to make cross- habitat movements, including spillover from crops (where colonies are placed) to semi- natural habitats (Blitzer et al., 2012; Hanley et al., 2011; Tscharntke et al., 2012).”
The benefits of hedgerows for pollinators and natural enemies depends on hedge quality and landscape context (2017, background): “, 2013), with spill over from these natural areas into cropped habitats in evidence (Garibaldi et al., 2011; Blitzer et al., 2012; Macfadyen and Muller, 2013; Woodcock et al., 2016).”
Landscape moderation of biodiversity patterns and processes ‐ eight hypotheses (2012, background): “…the negative effects of managed systems on wild organisms [e.g. via pathogen infection (Lembo et al., 2008) or spillover predation (Batáry & Báldi, 2004; Rand et al., 2006)] are not necessarily ubiquitous, as agricultural systems may also benefit non-agricultural species (Blitzer et al., 2012).”
Landscape heterogeneity as an ecological filter of species traits (2014, unknown): “Landscape configuration which can be 67 measured from the length of edges (or boundaries), influences species movements and 68 spillovers (Blitzer et al., 2012; Brudvig et al., 2009; Concepcion et al., 2012; Tscharntke et 69 al., 2005).”
Weeds for bees? A review (2015, background): “Given the very large size of honeybee colonies, a spill-over effect has been suggested by Rollin (2013) and Blitzer et al. (2012), but this has not yet been quantified accurately.”
Collateral diseases: Aquaculture impacts on wildlife infections (2020, background): “There is a wealth of in - formation on disease exchanges between natural ecosystems and crops or livestock (Blitzer et al., 2012; Daszak et al., 2000; Power & Mitchell, 2004).”