Why do many psychiatric disorders emerge during adolescence?

By Jay N. Giedd, Matcheri S. Keshavan, Tomás Paus. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2008

3,009 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The peak age of onset for many psychiatric disorders is adolescence, a time of remarkable physical and behavioural changes. The processes in the brain that underlie these behavioural changes have been the subject of recent investigations. What do we know about the maturation of the human brain during adolescence? Do structural changes in the cerebral cortex reflect synaptic pruning? Are increases in white-matter volume driven by myelination? Is the adolescent brain more or less sensitive to reward? Finding answers to these questions might enable us to further our understanding of mental health during adolescence.

Subfields: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Cognitive Neuroscience

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7c469b7f89043f4867b02938be67d786fc761827

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Citations in the corpus

Estrogen Actions in the Brain and the Basis for Differential Action in Men and Women: A Case for Sex-Specific Medicines (2010, background): “…for the onset of many psychiatric disorders that display sex differences and emerge in adolescence, such as schizophrenia, depression, and anorexia/bulimia (Paus et al., 2008), remain to be determined, and implications for Parkinson’s disease (PD) are discussed further in section V.B.2.”
Life-span changes of the human brain white matter: diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and volumetry. (2010, background): “…Klingberg et al. 1999; Paus et al. 1999; Bartzokis et al. 2001; Ashtari et al. 2007; Lenroot et al. 2007; Giorgio et al. 2008; Lebel et al. 2008; Paus et al. 2008; Giorgio et al. 2010; Østby et al. 2009; Tamnes et al. forthcoming), an accurate description of age-related changes should be based…”
Brain charts for the human lifespan (2021, neutral): “log(age) + (age) log(age) + = (6) μ μ μ μ”
The Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort: A Publicly Available Resource for the Study of Normal and Abnormal Brain Development in Youth (2015, positive): “The PNC is a resource that responds to a paradigm shift in the field of psychiatric neuroscience, where major mental illnesses are increasingly conceptualized as disorders of development (Insel, 2010; Insel, 2009; Casey et al., 2014; Paus et al., 2008).”
Longitudinal Development of Human Brain Wiring Continues from Childhood into Adulthood (2011, background): “Many psychiatric disorders emerge during adolescence and young adulthood (Paus et al., 2008), and are related to frontal white matter abnormalities, including the cingulum, uncinate, and superior longitudinal fasciculi in schizophrenia (Kubicki et al.”
The free-energy principle: a unified brain theory? (2010, background): “, suggesting that free-energy optimization might provide a nice explanation for the synaptic pruning and homeostasis that take place in the brain during neurodevelopmen”
Age at onset of mental disorders worldwide: large-scale meta-analysis of 192 epidemiological studies (2021, background): “The meta-epidemiologic results of this work show that mental disorders have onset when dramatic biological changes in the brain occur, from childhood, through adolescence, to adulthood, that involves grey-matter density, cerebral metabolic rate, synaptic density, white matter growth and myelination ”
Imaging brain development: The adolescent brain (2012, background): “A disproportionate number of psychiatric conditions typically have their onset in adolescence (Paus et al., 2008).”
Neuroimaging of the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (2013, neutral): “Major mental illnesses are increasingly conceptualized as developmental disorders (Paus et al., 2008); 75% of all psychiatric disorders begin before age 24 (Kessler et al.”
Gut microbiota depletion from early adolescence in mice: Implications for brain and behaviour. (2015, background): “Hence, it is not surprising that many adult neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia, have their roots in this vulnerable period (Paus et al., 2008).”