A description of the DSM-IV personality disorders with the five-factor model of personality.

By T. Widiger, Timothy Trull, J. Clarkin, C. Sanderson, Paul T. Costa. 2002

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DSM‐IV personality disorders and the Five‐Factor Model of personality: a multi‐method examination of domain‐ and facet‐level predictions (2005, methodology): “The Histrionic PD is conceptualized by the FFM primarily in terms of E (Millon et al., 1994; Widiger et al., 2002).”
Assessment and diagnosis of personality disorder: perennial issues and an emerging reconceptualization. (2007, background): “Widiger et al. (2002) proposed a fourstage model: Assess (a) individuals’ higherand lower-order FFM personality profiles, (b) specific impairments secondary to extreme traits, (c) whether dysfunction is clinically significant (e.g., GAF score), and (d) if possible, profile match to a particular PD…”
Personality traits, types, and disorders: an examination of the relationship between three self‐report measures (2005, background): “(Widiger, Costa, & McCrae, 2001; Widiger et al., 2002), who believed that having extreme (high or low) scores on personality traits renders individuals at risk for certain disorders.”
A meta‐analysis of psychopathy‐, antisocial PD‐ and FFM associations (2009, background): “…of both profiles shows that the FFM psychopathy description of Widiger and Lynam (1998) includes all facets of the FFM APD description provided by Widiger et al. (2002), with additionally low SelfConsciousness (N4), high Impulsiveness (N5), low Warmth (E1), low Positive Emotions (E6), low…”