Corrosion in the molten fluoride and chloride salts and materials development for nuclear applications
By Shaoqiang Guo, Jinsuo Zhang, Wei Wu, Wentao Zhou. Progress in Materials Science, 2018
367 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract Next-generation nuclear reactor concepts and advanced techniques for reprocessing spent nuclear fuel (SNF) are drawing great attention in the nuclear field. Molten halide salts have been proposed as the fuel solvent and coolants for many molten salt reactor (MSR) concepts, and the electrolyte for the electrochemical separation of the SNF. The major concern of using molten salts is the corrosion of the structural materials imposed by these extreme environments. Materials corrosion is more challenging in the molten salt nuclear systems than in the traditional water reactors as the formation of the passivating oxide layer on the corrosion resistant alloys becomes thermodynamically unfavorable in molten salts and the use of many corrosion resistant alloys is restricted. This review takes a comprehensive approach covering all relevant work in the field: corrosion data accumulated since the 1950s to date, major corrosion problems and corresponding mechanisms, metallurgical factors, historical development of corrosion resistant alloys and recent attempts. The key environmental factors influencing corrosion in various nuclear systems, electrode kinetics, thermodynamic properties, and corrosion prevention techniques are also reviewed. Finally, current progress and challenges are summarized with an attempt at identifying knowledge gaps and future research directions.
Subfields: Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Materials Chemistry
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/766bcb403e31678844e2e480d388bbe4568405f3
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In Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes
In Materials Chemistry
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Citations in the corpus
- Progress in Research and Development of Molten Chloride Salt Technology for Next Generation Concentrated Solar Power Plants (2021, background): “MgOHCl + HCl + H2O ð4Þ A large amount of MgOHCl can exist in the molten salt in the form of MgOH+ and Cl ions.”
- A general Lewis acidic etching route for preparing MXenes with enhanced electrochemical performance in non-aqueous electrolyte (2019, methodology): “B represents elements such as Al, Fe, Zn, In, Ga, Ge, Si, Sn, Mn, Cu, Co, Ni, Cd, and Ag, n is the number of exchanged electrons. Gibbs free energy of reaction (7) was calculated by HSC Chemistry 6.0 (16), and the potential of the reaction (7) was obtained from (8): 𝐸(𝑉)=−𝛥�𝑟 𝑛� (8) where G r i”
- Molten chloride salts for next generation concentrated solar power plants: Mitigation strategies against corrosion of structural materials (2019, methodology): “Water vapor (moisture) and oxygen contaminants have been observed to react with the chlorine anion to produce HCl and Cl2, thereby increasing the corrosion rates [18,20,32].”