Mycotoxins in food in West Africa: current situation and possibilities of controlling it
By Bankole S.A., A. A. 2003
377 citations recorded by the source corpus.
This review presents the different mycotoxins (aflatoxins, fumonisins and ochratoxin A) produced in agricultural crops in the West African sub-region. The acute and chronic toxic effects of the various mycotoxins are presented. Maize and groundnuts have been found to be excellent substrate for aflatoxin contamination, while fumonisins are widely distributed in maize. Other food products for which mycotoxin contamination has been reported in the sub-region include dried yam chips, tiger nut, melon seeds and stored herbal plants. Mycotoxin contamination is favoured by stress factors during plant growth, late harvesting of crops, high ambient humidity preventing thorough drying, unscientific storage practices and lack of awareness. Control measures include education of the populace on the danger of mycotoxin contaminated diet, early harvesting, rapid drying, sorting, sanitation, use of improved storage structures, smoking, insect control, the use of botanicals and synthetic chemicals as storage protectants, fumigation, biological control, the use of resistant varieties and detoxification of mycotoxin contaminated grains. Key words : Mycotoxins, aflatoxins, food, fumonisins, ochratoxin A, surveillance, toxicology, prevention, control, West Africa. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol.2(9) 2003: 254-263
Subfields: Plant Science
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/766647884bb1d14d4e01e16c0116900cfdb50811
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Citations in the corpus
- Mycotoxin contamination of commercially important agricultural commodities (2009, background): “While A. flavus infection of groundnuts does not affect yield, the fungus can produce high levels of aflatoxin in infected nuts, and these toxins can pose serious health risks to humans and cattle (Bankole and Adebanjo, 2003).”
- Aflatoxins in aquatic species: metabolism, toxicity and perspectives (2008, background): “Asia and Africa, which are the world’s largest producers of maize and groundnut, greatly suffer from the impact of economic losses due to the high levels of aflatoxin contamination (Kpodo 1996; CGIAR 1997; Bankole and Adebanjo 2003).”
- Aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination of cassava products and maize grain from markets in Tanzania and republic of the Congo (2009, background): “…have reported on mycotoxin contamination in cassava products (Adegoke et al., 1993; Wareing et al., 2001; Gnonlonfin et al., 2008) when compared with the number of studies conducted on cereals, peanuts, dairy products, wheat, and dried chilies (Sibanda et al., 1997; Bankole and Adebanjo, 2003).”
- Mycotoxin problem in Africa: current status, implications to food safety and health and possible management strategies. (2008, background): “Fumonisin B1 was detected in 55 out of 108 maize samples in Nigeria (Bankole and Adebanjo, 2003b).”
- Field efficacy of a mixture of atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Link:Fr vegetative compatibility groups in preventing aflatoxin contamination in maize (Zea mays L.) (2014, background): “Aflatoxin exposure in humans and animals is chronic in West Africa since contamination is widespread in major food and feed sources such as maize, groundnut and yam chips (Bankole and Adebanjo, 2003; Hell et al., 2003; Kpodo and Bankole, 2008).”
- Aflatoxin control and prevention strategies in key crops of Sub-Saharan Africa (2011, background): “Suitable conditions for the growth of the fungi and aflatoxin production occur in most areas of Africa and aflatoxin contamination in crops has been reviewed by several authors (Sibanda et al., 1997; Shephard, 2003; Bankole and Adebanjo, 2003; Bankole et al., 2006; Wagacha and Muthomi, 2008).”