Connection between the Solar Cycle and the QBO: The Missing Link

By M. Salby, P. Callaghan. 2000

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The quasi‐biennial oscillation: Analysis using ERA‐40 data (2005, background): “Salby and Callaghan (2000) examined the duration of easterlies and westerlies in the lower equatorial stratosphere and found that the duration of the westerly phase of the QBO is more variable than the duration of the easterly phase.”
Improved 11‐year solar signal in the Freie Universität Berlin Climate Middle Atmosphere Model (FUB‐CMAM) (2004, result): “The QBO-Sun relationship during winter was confirmed, for example, by Salby and Callaghan [2000] .”
Solar and QBO influences on the timing of stratospheric sudden warmings (2004, background): “Climate) and a solar modulation of the length of the west phase of the QBO in the lower stratosphere (Salby and Callaghan 2000).”
Solar cycle variation of stratospheric ozone: Multiple regression analysis of long‐term satellite data sets and comparisons with models (2006, background): “In support of this possibility, some statistical evidence for an apparent minor dependence of certain properties of the QBO on the 11-year solar cycle has been reported [Salby and Callaghan, 2000; Soukharev and Hood, 2001; Pascoe et al., 2005; see also Hamilton, 2002].”
Impact of a Spectral Gravity Wave Parameterization on the Stratosphere in the Met Office Unified Model (2002, result): “Note that this variability arises mainly from variation in the duration of the westerly QBO phase, as found in observations by Salby and Callaghan (2000).”