The neuroinvasive potential of SARS‐CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID‐19 patients
By Yan-Chao Li, W. Bai, T. Hashikawa. Journal of Medical Virology, 2020
2,011 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Following the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV), another highly pathogenic coronavirus named SARS‐CoV‐2 (previously known as 2019‐nCoV) emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and rapidly spreads around the world. This virus shares highly homological sequence with SARS‐CoV, and causes acute, highly lethal pneumonia coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) with clinical symptoms similar to those reported for SARS‐CoV and MERS‐CoV. The most characteristic symptom of patients with COVID‐19 is respiratory distress, and most of the patients admitted to the intensive care could not breathe spontaneously. Additionally, some patients with COVID‐19 also showed neurologic signs, such as headache, nausea, and vomiting. Increasing evidence shows that coronaviruses are not always confined to the respiratory tract and that they may also invade the central nervous system inducing neurological diseases. The infection of SARS‐CoV has been reported in the brains from both patients and experimental animals, where the brainstem was heavily infected. Furthermore, some coronaviruses have been demonstrated able to spread via a synapse‐connected route to the medullary cardiorespiratory center from the mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors in the lung and lower respiratory airways. Considering the high similarity between SARS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV2, it remains to make clear whether the potential invasion of SARS‐CoV2 is partially responsible for the acute respiratory failure of patients with COVID‐19. Awareness of this may have a guiding significance for the prevention and treatment of the SARS‐CoV‐2‐induced respiratory failure.
Subfields: Clinical Psychology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Neurology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/74d9c1090505160c8e6617f199b18483a952055f
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Citations in the corpus
- A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2 (2020, background): “This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND headache, nausea, and vomiting (Li et al., 2020).”
- Knowledge, Perceptions, and Attitude of Egyptians Towards the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) (2020, background): “In severe cases, the virus causes fatal pneumonia similar to that caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), which have emerged in the past 20 years in sporadic countries all over the world [2].”
- Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric presentations associated with severe coronavirus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis with comparison to the COVID-19 pandemic (2020, neutral): “24 There is preliminary in-vitro evidence that—possibly unlike SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV)—SARS-CoV-2 can replicate in neuronal cells, but the translation of this finding to in-vivo settings remains unclear.”
- Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 1420 European patients with mild‐to‐moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (2020, background): “Olfactory and gustatory disorders could be related to the SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasive potential [20], which may be more prevalent in European patients due to higher ACE2 expression in nasal mucosa [21].”
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- Central nervous system involvement by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) (2020, background): “A third possibility is the presence of low concentrations of endonucleases/exonucleases and proteins acting as inhibitors in the CSF.18 SARS-CoV, which is taxonomically very similar to SARS-CoV-2, has been demonstrated in brain tissue from autopsies.13 Tissue edema and neuronal degeneration were pro”
- Miller Fisher syndrome and polyneuritis cranialis in COVID-19 (2020, background): “might enter the brain, possibly via the olfactory nerves, and thereafter rapidly spread to specific brain areas including the thalamus and brainstem.(9) This might explain the complaints of anosmia of many patients infected by SARS-Cov-2.”
- The impact of COPD and smoking history on the severity of COVID‐19: A systemic review and meta‐analysis (2020, background): “Although most infections with SARS‐CoV‐2 are thought to be subclinical or mildly symptomatic, it may result in acute respiratory distress syndrome and occasionally into multiorgan failure.(4,5) The impact of underlying respiratory compromises, such as the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary di”
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