Heating and weakening of faults during earthquake slip

By J. Rice. 2006

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In Geophysics

Citations in the corpus

Frictional melt and seismic slip (2008, positive): “As already pointed out several decades ago [Jeffreys, 1942; McKenzie and Brune, 1972; Sibson, 1975], melting should probably occur during seismic slip on earthquake faults, especially at depths of several kilometers, unless some other form of fault weakening relieved dynamic friction [Rice, 2006; Bi”
Three‐dimensional boundary integral modeling of spontaneous earthquake sequences and aseismic slip (2009, methodology): “The methodology developed in this work can be easily adopted to the alternative rate and state formulations, as well as to laws with variable normal stress [Dieterich, 2007] and modified formulations that include more significant weakening at seismic slip rates [Rice, 2006].”
The physics of premelted ice and its geophysical consequences (2006, background): “…reductions in the frictional resistance of mineral systems at high-slip speeds have been attributed to localized “flash weakening” at highly stressed asperity contacts, which momentarily approach the melting transition even though the average surface temperature remains much lower Rice, 2006 .”
Characterization of nucleation during laboratory earthquakes (2013, background): “In a similar manner, Rice [2006] discussed early frictional weakening as plastic failure of asperities (flash weakening) due to sliding.”
Off-fault plasticity and earthquake rupture dynamics: 1. Dry materials or neglect of fluid pressure changes (2008, background): “However, the appropriateness of a linear form has been questioned in recent observational studies [Abercrombie and Rice, 2005], and lab- and theorybased studies of friction at seismic slip rates emphasize an inherent rate dependence that is not represented in the slipweakening concept [Rice, 2006].”
Conditions governing the occurrence of supershear ruptures under slip-weakening friction (2007, background): “Thermal pressurization offers a similar weakening process, in particular, one that is characterized by rapid weakening at small slip [Rice, 2006].”
Constitutive relationships and physical basis of fault strength due to flash heating (2008, background): “…the following we consider the dynamic strength determined solely by flash weakening, acknowledging that for large earthquakes other processes (bulk melting, pore fluid pressurization) might also play important roles, especially at the largest displacements [e.g., Di Toro et al., 2006; Rice, 2006].”
Stress dependent thermal pressurization of a fluid-saturated rock (2008, methodology): “For a mature fault at 7km depth at normal stress of 196 MPa, ambient pore pressure of 70 MPa, and ambient temperature of 210°C, Rice (2006) estimates this coefficient as 0.92MPa/°C in case of intact fault walls and 0.31MPa/°C in case of damage fault wall.”
Injection‐induced seismicity: Poroelastic and earthquake nucleation effects (2015, background): “…ruptures on flat faults with strong frictional weakening at high slip speeds, due either to thermal pressurization and/or flash heating [e.g., Rice, 2006], show that self-sustaining ruptures are possible at quite low background ratios of shear to normal stress, on the order of ∼ 0.15 to 0.2…”
Inferring earthquake physics and chemistry using an integrated field and laboratory approach (2012, background): “Moreover, the value of the breakdownwork is on the low end (1e3 MJ/m2) compared to seismological estimates of large earthquakes worldwide (1e100 MJ/m2, e.g. Rice, 2006; Tinti et al., 2005).”
A thermal pressurization model for the spontaneous dynamic rupture propagation on a three‐dimensional fault: 1. Methodological approach (2006, background): “On the contrary, flash heating [Rice, 1999, 2006] is due to the highly localized heating created by a fast slip episode in the region near the moving asperity contacts on the slipping surface; in other words, it is generated on a relatively small contact area that sustains high shear strength.”