Resolving new memories: a critical look at the dentate gyrus, adult neurogenesis, and pattern separation

By James Bradley Aimone, Wei Deng, Fred H. Gage. 2011

707 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Summary Recently, investigation of new neurons in memory formation has focused on a specific function – pattern separation. However, it has been difficult to reconcile the form of separation tested in behavioral tasks with how it is conceptualized according to computational and electrophysiology perspectives. Here, we propose a memory resolution hypothesis that considers the unique information contributions of broadly tuned young neurons and highly specific mature neurons and describe how the fidelity of memories can relate to spatial and contextual discrimination.

Subfields: Cognitive Neuroscience, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Developmental Neuroscience

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In Cognitive Neuroscience

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Citations in the corpus

Human Hippocampal Neurogenesis Persists throughout Aging (2018, neutral): “Since new GNs may assist in pattern separation and old GNs in pattern completion (Aimone et al., 2011), steady AHN and concurrent elimination of older GNs likely supports human complex learning and memory and emotion-guided behavior throughout a long lifespan.”
Adult Neurogenesis in the Mammalian Brain: Significant Answers and Significant Questions (2011, background): “…and long-term spatial memory retention, spatial pattern discrimination, trace conditioning and contextual fear conditioning, clearance of hippocampal memory traces, and reorganization of memory to extrahippocampal substrates (reviewed by Deng et al., 2010; Aimone et al., 2011 in this issue).”
Neurogenesis deep learning: Extending deep networks to accommodate new classes (2016, background): “It is in this latter case that we believe NDL to be most useful, as we have previously suggested that biological neurogenesis addresses a similar coding challenge in the brain [8].”
Retrograde monosynaptic tracing reveals the temporal evolution of inputs onto new neurons in the adult dentate gyrus and olfactory bulb (2013, background): “The subiculum has been implicated in spatial navigation, memory processing, and stress response (37), functions in which newborn neurons play an important role (1, 2, 38, 39).”
Benzodiazepines And The Potential Trophic Effect Of Antidepressants On Dentate Gyrus Cells In Mood Disorders (2014, positive): “…Bannerman et al., 2004), whereas the anterior hippocampus in primates projects to prefrontal cortex and amygdala (Thierry et al., 2000), and participates in emotional regulation (Nettles et al., 2000; Sahay and Hen, 2007) and pattern discrimination (Clelland et al., 2009; Aimone et al., 2011).”
The germinal matrices in the developing dentate gyrus are composed of neuronal progenitors at distinct differentiation stages (2013, background): “…of the adult DG produce new neurons throughout life, and incorporation of new neurons into the neuronal circuit probably plays important roles in normal brain function and pathogenesis of human psychiatric diseases (Altman and Das, 1965; Seki and Arai, 1993; Deng et al., 2010; Aimone et al., 2011).”
Distinct Contribution of Adult-Born Hippocampal Granule Cells to Context Encoding (2016, positive): “The broader tuning profile of abGCs (compared to mGCs) is consistent with computational models of GC dynamics andmight support the encoding of novel features in the environment (Aimone et al., 2011; Temprana et al., 2015).”
Modification of hippocampal circuitry by adult neurogenesis (2012, background): “…clearance of hippocampal memory traces, reorganization of memory to extrahippocampal substrates, and certain antidepressant-induced behavioral responses in Developmental Neurobiology specific mouse strains (Sahay and Hen, 2007; Deng et al., 2010; Aimone et al., 2011; Sahay et al., 2011).”
Attention-Based Structural-Plasticity (2019, background): “The second strategy is based on similar ideas to neurogenesis in the brain (Aimone et al., 2011).”
In contrast to many other mammals, cetaceans have relatively small hippocampi that appear to lack adult neurogenesis (2013, background): “This concept has been expanded into the memory resolution hypothesis, which indicates that the newly born, broadly tuned, young neurons interact with the specifically tuned mature neurons to increase the fidelity of spatial and contextual discrimination (Aimone et al. 2011).”
Attention-Based Structural-Plasticity (2019, background): “reviously learned tasks. This is often done via selective and task-speciﬁc updates of synaptic weights in a neural network. The second strategy is based on similar ideas to neurogenesis in the brain (Aimone et al., 2011). For a new task, allocate new neurons that utilize the shared representation le”
Development of GABAergic inputs controls the contribution of maturing neurons to the adult hippocampal network (2012, positive): “These intrinsic physiological differences contribute to increased excitability and plasticity, which have been suggested to be critical features in theoretical considerations of neurogenesis function (13, 14).”